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1、AchillesKeywords:AchillesHeelBirthTrojanWarAbstract;WhenAchilleswasstillababy，Thetiswasshockedbyaprophecythathersonwoulddieinwar.Tosaveherson，theseagoddessdippedherbabyinthewatersofStyxwhichcouldprotectthehumanbodyfromthefireandsword.Butastheheelbywhichsheheldhimwasd
2、ryitbecametheonemortalspotinthewholebodyofAchilles．Thustheexpression“theheelofAchilles”hascometomean“aweakspot”．BirthAchilleswasthesonofthenymphThetisandPeleus,thekingoftheMyrmidons.ZeusandPoseidonhadbeenrivalsforthehandofThetisuntilPrometheus,thefore-thinker,warnedZ
3、eusofaprophecythatThetiswouldbearasongreaterthanhisfather.Forthisreason,thetwogodswithdrewtheirpursuit,andhadherwedPeleus.Aswithmostmythology,thereisatalewhichoffersanalternativeversionoftheseevents:inArgonauticaZeus'sisterandwifeHeraalludestoThetis'chasteresistancet
4、otheadvancesofZeus,thatThetiswassoloyaltoHera'smarriagebondthatshecoollyrejectedhim.Thetis,althoughadaughterofthesea-godNereus,wasalsobroughtupbyHera,furtherexplainingherresistancetotheadvancesofZeus.AccordingtotheAchilleid,writtenbyStatiusinthe1stcenturyAD,andtonosu
5、rvivingprevioussources,whenAchilleswasbornThetistriedtomakehimimmortal,bydippinghimintheriverStyx.However,hewasleftvulnerableatthepartofthebodybywhichsheheldhim,hisheel(seeAchillesheel,Achilles'tendon).Itisnotclearifthisversionofeventswasknownearlier.Inanotherversion
6、ofthisstory,Thetisanointedtheboyinambrosiaandputhimontopofafire,toburnawaythemortalpartsofhisbody.ShewasinterruptedbyPeleusandabandonedbothfatherandsoninarage.However,noneofthesourcesbeforeStatiusmakesanyreferencetothisgeneralinvulnerability.Tothecontrary,intheIliadH
7、omermentionsAchillesbeingwounded:inBook21thePaeonianheroAsteropaeus,sonofPelagon,challengedAchillesbytheriverScamander.Hecasttwospearsatonce,onegrazedAchilles'elbow,"drawingaspurtofblood".Also,inthefragmentarypoemsoftheEpicCycleinwhichwecanfinddescriptionofthehero'sd
8、eath,Cypria,AithiopisbyArctinusofMiletus,LittleIliadbyLescheofMytilene,IlioupersisbyArctinusofMiletus,thereisnotraceofanyreferencet
