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1、BehaviouralProcesses43(1998)219±228Externalfactorsandcausationofdustbathingindomestichensa,aabIanJ.H.Duncan*,TinaM.Widowski,AnneE.Malleau,A.CeciliaLindberg,cJ.CarolPetherickaDepartmentofAnimalandPoultryScienceandTheColonelK.L.CampbellCentrefortheStudyofAnimalWe
2、lfare,Uni6ersityofGuelph,Guelph,OntarioN1G2W1,CanadabDepartmentofClinicalVeterinaryScience,Uni6ersityofBristol,Langford,BristolBS187DU,UKcSwan'sLagoonBeefCattleResearchStation,Millaroo6iaAyr,Queensland4807,AustraliaReceived1April1997;receivedinrevisedform18Febr
3、uary1998;accepted18February1998AbstractDustbathingisknowntobemotivatedbycomplexinteractionsbetweeninternalfactorswhichbuildupovertimeandexternalfactors,suchasthesightofadustysubstrate.Inthisstudy,theeffectsofotherexternalfactorswereinvestigated.Environmentaltem
4、peraturewasshowntobeimportant;frequenciesofdustbathingweregreaterwhenhenswereheldat22thanat10°C(PB0.01).Inasecondexperiment,aradiantheatsourceoraradiantheatlightsource,balancedtogivethesameradiantheat,resultedinmoredustbathingbehaviourduringa1-hstimulusperiodt
5、handuringthesameperiodwithnostimulus(PB0.05).Componentsofdustbathingwereincreasedmorebytheheatlightstimulusthanbytheheatstimulusalone(PB0.03).Inathirdexperiment,theamountofdustbathingperformedbyindividualhensincageswithdustbathswasincreasedbythepresenceofagrou
6、pofhensdustbathinginanadjoiningpenwithadustbathcomparedwiththeamountoccurringwhenthehenswereabsentfromthepen.©1998ElsevierScienceB.V.Allrightsreserved.Keywords:Dustbathing;Illumination;Layinghens;Radiantheat;Socialfacilitation;Temperature1.Introductionisknownth
7、atthetendencytodustbathe¯uctuatesaccordingtotimeofday,withmoredustbathingDustbathinginpoultryiscontrolledbycom-occurringinthemiddleoftheday(Vestergaard,plexinteractionsbetweeninternal,peripheraland1982;Vestergaardetal.,1990),whichsuggestsexternalfactors.Withreg
8、ardtointernalfactors,itsometypeofendogenouscircadianrhythmofmotivation.Ifbirdsaredeniedtheopportunitytodustbathe,thetendencytodustbatheincreaseswithtime,suggestingaLorenzian
