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1、Environ.Sci.Technol.2008,42,4175–4180MechanismsofPhotochemistryandThepropertiesofC60andotherfullereneshavebeendescribedinnumerousstudieswithrespecttofullereneReactiveOxygenProductionbytoxicity(4–8),antioxidantcapacity(9–11),andcharacteriza-tion(12–15).Theability
2、ofC60toproducereactiveoxygenFullereneSuspensionsinWaterspecies,orROS,(e.g.,(16))hasreceivedconsiderableattention,inpartbasedontheimplicationsfortoxicitytocells(5)inbothmedicalandenvironmentalcontextsaswellERNESTM.HOTZE,JEROMELABILLE,§asthepotentialapplicationsim
3、pliedforindustrialorwaterPEDROALVAREZ,AND,treatmenttechnologies(17,18).However,unlikethecondi-MARKR.WIESNER*tionsleadingtoROSproductionviaphotosensitizationbyDepartmentofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineering,DukeindividualC60moleculesinorganicsolvent,(19,20),theUnive
4、rsity,Durham,NorthCarolina27708-0287,CEREGE,conditionsthatleadtoROSproductionbyC60inwaterandUniversityAix-Marseille,Aix-en-Provence,France,andthereactivespeciesformedarelesswellunderstood.WeDepartmentofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineering,Ricehavepreviouslyreportedo
5、ntheabilityofhydroxylatedC60University,Houston,Texas77251-1892(fullerol)toproduceROSinwater(17,18),buthavenotconsideredtheROSspeciationandunderlyingmechanisms.ReceivedAugust29,2007.RevisedmanuscriptreceivedPhotosensitizedmoleculeslikefullerenearecapableofJanuary
6、13,2008.AcceptedMarch12,2008.transferringlightenergytochemicaloxidationpotentialintheformofROS.Whenthephotosensitizedmoleculetransfersenergydirectlytoanoxygenmolecule,ROSformationmayoccurviaatypeIIpathwayprimarilyresultinginsingletBuckminsterfullerene(C60)isakno
7、wnphotosensitizerthat1Ooxygen(2).TypeIROSformationoccurswhenphotosen-producesreactiveoxygenspecies(ROS)inthepresenceofsitizationincreasesinteractionsbetweenaphotosensitizerlight;however,itspropertiesinaqueousenvironmentsarestillmoleculeandanelectrondonor,ultimat
8、elyleadingtothenotwellunderstoodormodeled.Inthisstudy,productionoftransferofanelectrontoanoxygenandtheproductionofbothsingletoxygenandsuperoxidebyUVphotosensitization
