the use of market mechanisms in water management in china

《the use of market mechanisms in water management in china》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。

1、TheuseofmarketmechanismsinwatermanagementinChina1.Abstract　　Chinaisacountryshortofitedandthespatialdistributionofelyuneven.Asaconsequence,amajorportionofregionsinChinaarefacingseriousproblemofdegradationandlandscapedestruction.　　Researchoneconomicsofthetheshortage,mercializationandmarket-orienta

2、tionhasbeeanaturalorinevitablechoice.arketmechanism　　2.1Thepricemechanism　　Priceprovidestheincentivetoboththeconsumerandproducer.Highpricesakemoreproduction,butlessconsumptionbytheconsumers.Onthecontrary,Loptionbytheconsumers.Thepriception(demand)andproduction(supply)bybothincentives”byeconomist

3、s.　　2.2.Thesupplyanddemandmechanism　　Thesupplyanddemandmechanism(theeconomicmodel)providesthemostefficienteconomicoutespossible----maximizedsatisfactionforsociety,minimumcost.Thisefficiencyouteisalarketmechanisminanagement　　3.1.Thethreedifferentmanagementmethods　　Toattributetothedualpropertiesof

4、ethodsinanagement:limitingindicator,chargeofit　　Thismethodmeansthatgivepaniesacertainindicatorofits.Butitisdifficulttodeterminethemostefficientrestrictioncriteria:iftheindicatorsettoohigh,thenitequalstoencouragefirmstoloosenthedisciplinestosomeextent;iftheindicatorsettooloeansthedamagetotheprodu

5、ctionorthesocalledinefficiency.　　3.1.2.Chargeofptionortocutdoakingthesocialcoststoachievetheoptimalsense,andalsobeabletoinspirefirmsethodhasthefolloethodsilarcostofthearket,theypayidenticalmarginalcost.　　2.Thestrongincentive.　　Chargesexercisegreatinfluenceoncorporationstomaximizetheirizedallocat

6、ion.　　Toencouragelosinmoresinlessaximumissionreductionattheloanagement,eachlicensehasruledthespecificusagequantityofakepollutantdischargingentcanregulatetheamountofthetransferrablelicensestocontrol,paniesathighanagementalefficiency.Ifthereareenoughfirmsandlicenses,apetitivelicensemarket,theprice

7、oflicenseequalstothecostofsavingportanteconomicmethodinanagementplayingaroleinand,discouragingexcessgroand,andprovidingizetheallocationofe,China'sptionandandineansexceedingtheequilibriumsupply.Overtheyears,icvalueinChinaandi