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1、TacitandExplicitKnowledgeTacitandExplicitKnowledgeHARRYCOLLINSTheUniversityofChicagoPressChicagoandLondonHarryCollinsisdistinguishedresearchprofessorofsociologyanddirectoroftheCenterfortheStudyofKnowledge,Expertise,andScienceatCardiffUniversity.Hispreviousbooks
2、includeGravitysShadow:TheSearchforGravitationalWaves;RethinkingExpertise,withRobertEvans,andDr.Golem:HowtoThinkaboutMedicine,withTrevorPinch.TheUniversityofChicagoPress,Chicago60637TheUniversityofChicagoPress,Ltd.,London©2010byTheUniversityofChicagoAllrightsres
3、erved.Published2010PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica18171615141312111012345ISBN-13:978-0226-11380-7(cloth)ISBN-10:0-226-11380-9(cloth)LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataCollins,H.M.(HarryM.),1943Tacitandexplicitknowledge/HarryCollins.p.cm.Includesbib
4、liographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN-13:978-0-226-11380-7(cloth)ISBN-10:0-226-11380-9(cloth)1.Tacitknowledge.2.Knowledge,Theoryof.I.Title.BF317.5.C652010001dc222009026465oThepaperusedinthispublicationmeetstheminimumrequirementsoftheAmericanNationalStandardforInf
5、ormationSciencesPermanenceofPaperforPrintedLibraryMaterials,ANSIZ39.481992.ForSusanCONTENTSPreface/ixAcknowledgments/xiiiIntroduction/TheIdeaofTacitKnowledgedependsonExplicitKnowledge!/1PARTI.EXPLICITKNOWLEDGE/13ONE/StringsandThings/15TWO/DigitalStrings,Analogu
6、eStrings,Affordance,andCauses/33THREE/ExplicableKnowledge/57PARTII.TACITKNOWLEDGE/83FOUR/RelationalTacitKnowledge/85FIVE/SomaticTacitKnowledge/99SIX/CollectiveTacitKnowledgeandSocialCartesianism/119PARTIII.LOOKINGBACKWARDANDLOOKINGFORWARD/139SEVEN/ABriefLookBac
7、k/141EIGHT/MappingtheThreePhaseModelofTacitKnowledge/157Appendix1/AnActionSurvey/173Appendix2/WhatHasChangedsincethe1970s/177References/179Index/183PREFACEThisbookbeganasanattempttoputmyearlierstudiesoftacitknowl-edgetogetherinacoherentway.Ithoughtitwouldbeeasy
8、,butIsoonfoundthatratherthanhavingmyarmsaroundthewholesubject,mygripwasprecarious.Iamnottheonlyonewhothinkstheexistingliteratureontacitknowledgeislessthanclear.Theconfusions
