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1、VERYSHORTINTRODUCTIONSareforanyonewantingastimulatingandaccessiblewayintoanewsubject.Theyarewrittenbyexperts,andhavebeenpublishedinmorethan25languagesworldwide.Theseriesbeganin1995,andnowrepresentsawidevarietyoftopicsinhistory,philosophy,religion,science,andthehumanities.TheVSIlibrary
2、nowcontainsover200volumes-aVeryShortIntroductiontoeverythingfromancientEgyptandIndianphilosophytoconceptualartandcosmology-andwillcontinuetogrowtoalibraryofaround300titles.TableofContentsAcknowledgementsIntroduction1Theinformationrevolution2Thelanguageofinformation3Mathematicalinforma
3、tion4Semanticinformation5Physicalinformation6Biologicalinformation7Economicinformation8TheethicsofinformationEpilogue:themarriageofphysisandtechneReferencesAmongthemanypeoplewhohelpedmeinwritingthisbook,IwouldliketothankexplicitlyKerstinDemata,EmmaMarchant,andLathaMenon,allatOxfordUni
4、versityPress,fortheirencouragement,support,editorialinput,andamplebutluckilyfinitepatience,thankstowhichImanagedtofinishthebook;RobertSchaback,forhiskindhelpwhileIwasworkingattheInstitutfiirNumerischeandAngewandteMathematikoftheGeorg-August-UniversitatinGottingenandhiscommentsonthepen
5、ultimateversionofthemanuscript;DavidDavenport,UgoPagallo,andChristophSchulzfortheirfeedback;andmywifeAnnaChristinaDeOzorioNobre,forherinvaluableinputandcomments,especiallyonChapter6,andforhavingmadeourlifeunbelievablyjoyful.IamverygratefultotheAkademiederWissenschafteninGottingen,fort
6、heprivilegeofbeingelectedGaussProfessorduringtheacademicyear2008-9,andtotheUniversityofHertfordshire,forhavingbeengenerouswithmyteachingschedulewhilevisitingGottingenandcompletingthisbook.Thegoalofthisvolumeistoprovideanoutlineofwhatinformationis,ofitsmanifoldnature,oftherolesthatitpl
7、aysinseveralscientificcontexts,andofthesocialandethicalissuesraisedbyitsgrowingimportance.Theoutlineisnecessarilyselective,oritwouldbeneitherveryshortnorintroductory.Myhopeisthatitwillhelpthereadertomakesenseofthelargevarietyofinformationalphenomenawithwhichwedealonadailybasis,oftheir
8、profo