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1、骨科2016年11月第7卷第6期Orthopaedics,November2016,Vol.7,No.6·425··临床研究论著·老年患者全髋关节置换术的腰丛-骶丛神经阻滞麻醉方法曹雪芹梅伟陈明兵刘九红【摘要】目的探讨改良的老年患者人工髋关节置换术的神经阻滞麻醉方法。方法选取2015年3~6月于我院行全髋关节置换手术的14例老年患者,予腰丛-骶丛神经阻滞麻醉,术前运用针刺法测试麻醉平面,记录术中血流动力学变化、不良反应,评估麻醉效果。结果臀上神经支配的阔筋膜张肌区域、臀下神经支配的臀大肌区域、股神经
2、支配的股四头肌区域及坐骨神经支配的大腿后肌群区域皮肤痛觉消失。患者麻醉前即刻和切皮时收缩压(systolicbloodpressure,SBP)、舒张压(diastolicbloodpressure,DBP)、心率(heartrate,HR)值比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。术中SBP、DBP和HR最大变化率分别为13.9%±6.2%、15.8%±7.8%和14.1%±4.8%,均在20%以内。所有患者均在单纯神经阻滞麻醉下顺利完成手术,术中均未追加阿片类药物。术中未出现局部麻醉药物中毒
3、、血流动力学大幅波动、呼吸抑制等并发症。术者满意度评分均为10分。结论本研究显示腰丛-骶丛神经阻滞麻醉可安全有效运用于老年患者人工髋关节置换术。受限于样本量,我们仍将在以后的临床工作中更进一步研究。【关键词】神经传导阻滞;老年人;关节成形术,置换,髋Thelumberplexusandsacralplexusnerveblockmethodoftotalhiparthroplastyforelderpatients.CAOXueqin,MEIWei,CHENMingbing,LIUJiuhong.D
4、epartmentofAnesthesiology,TongjiHospital,TongjiMedicalCollege,HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Wuhan430030,ChinaCorrespondingauthor:LIUJiuhong,E⁃mail:ljhhyz@126.com【Abstract】ObjectiveToexploreanimprovednerveblockmethodforelderpatientsundergoing
5、totalhiparthroplasty.MethodsFourteenolderpatientsscheduledfortotalhiparthroplastyfromMarchtoJuneof2015weregivenlumberplexusandsacralplexusnerveblock.Theblockareasweretestedwithacupuncture.Thehemodynamicchangesbeforeanesthesiaandafterskinincisionwerecom
6、pared.Themaximumchangerateofhemodynamicchangesduringoperationwasobserved.Theperioperativeadversereactionsandanesthesiasatisfactionwerealsoevaluated.ResultsThecutaneouspainoftensorfasciaelataeinnervatedbysuperiorglutealnerve,gluteusmaximusinnervatedbyin
7、feriorglutealnerve,quadricepsfemorisinnervatedbyfemoralnerveandhamstringsinnervatedbysciaticnervewasinsensible.Therewerenosignificantdifferencesinthechangesofsystolicbloodpressure,diastolicbloodpressure,heartratebetweenafterskinincisionandpre⁃anesthesi
8、a(P>0.05).Thevariationsofsystolicbloodpressure,diastolicbloodpressureandheartratewere13.9%±6.2%,15.8%±7.8%,and14.1%±4.8%,respectively,whichwerelessthan20%.Thesurgerywassuccessfullycompletedinallpatientsunderpurenerveblock.Therewasnouseo