资源描述：
《The Forms Of Capital(Pierre Bourdieu)》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、1111CHAPTER 123456111THE FORMS OF CAPITAL78Pierre Bourdieu910Richardson, J., Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education(1986),Westport, CT: Greenwood, pp. 241–58 123111456The social world is accumulated history, and if it is not to be reduced to a
2、discon-7tinuous series of instantaneous mechanical equilibria between agents who are treated8as interchangeable particles, one must reintroduce into it the notion of capital and9with it, accumulation and all its effects. Capital is accumulated labor (in its materi-201
3、11alized form or its “incorporated,” embodied form) which, when appropriated on a1private, i.e., exclusive, basis by agents or groups of agents, enables them to appro-2priate social energy in the form of reified or living labor. It is a vis insita, a force3inscribed in
4、 objective or subjective structures, but it is also a lex insita, the principle4underlying the immanent regularities of the social world. It is what makes the games5of society—not least, the economic game—something other than simple games of6chance offering at every m
5、oment the possibility of a miracle. Roulette, which holds7out the opportunity of winning a lot of money in a short space of time, and there-8fore of changing one’s social status quasi-instantaneously, and in which the winning9of the previous spin of the wheel can be s
6、taked and lost at every new spin, gives a30111fairly accurate image of this imaginary universe of perfect competition or perfect1equality of opportunity, a world without inertia, without accumulation, without2heredity or acquired properties, in which every moment is p
7、erfectly independent of3the previous one, every soldier has a marshal’s baton in his knapsack, and every4prize can be attained, instantaneously, by everyone, so that at each moment anyone5can become anything. Capital, which, in its objectified or embodied forms, takes
8、time6to accumulate and which, as a potential capacity to produce profits and to repro-7duce itself in identical or expanded f
