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1、S&SQuarterly,Inc.GuilfordPressDialecticsandSystemsTheoryAuthor(s):RichardLevinsSource:Science&Society,Vol.62,No.3,Dialectics:TheNewFrontier(Fall,1998),pp.375-399Publishedby:GuilfordPressStableURL:http://www.jstor.org/stable/40403729Accessed:21-12-201500:07UTCYour
2、useoftheJSTORarchiveindicatesyouracceptanceoftheTerms&ConditionsofUse,availableathttp://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jspJSTORisanot-for-profitservicethathelpsscholars,researchers,andstudentsdiscover,use,andbuilduponawiderangeofcontentinatrusteddig
3、italarchive.Weuseinformationtechnologyandtoolstoincreaseproductivityandfacilitatenewformsofscholarship.FormoreinformationaboutJSTOR,pleasecontactsupport@jstor.org.S&SQuarterly,Inc.andGuilfordPressarecollaboratingwithJSTORtodigitize,preserveandextendaccesstoScienc
4、e&Society.http://www.jstor.orgThiscontentdownloadedfrom140.211.127.19onMon,21Dec201500:07:01UTCAllusesubjecttoJSTORTermsandConditionsScience&SocietyVol.62,No.3,Fall1998,375-399VDialecticsandSystemsTheoryRICHARDLEVINSABSTRACT:SystemsTheoryisbestunderstoodinitsdual
5、na-tureasanepisodeinthegenericdevelopmentofhumanunder-standingoftheworld,andasthespecificproductofitssocialhistory.Ontheonehanditisa"moment"intheinvestigationofcomplexsystems,theplacebetweentheformulationofaproblemandtheinterpretationofitssolutionwheremathemati-c
6、almodelingcanmaketheobscureobvious.Ontheotherhanditistheattemptofareductionistscientifictraditiontocometotermswithcomplexity,non-linearityandchangethroughsophisticatedmathematicalandcomputationaltechniques,agropingtowardamoredialecticalunderstandingthatisheldback
7、bothbyitsphilosophicalbiasesandbytheinstitutionalandeconomiccontextsofitsdevelopment.AGENERALLYSYMPATHETICREVIEWofTheDialecticalBi-ologist(MaynardSmith,1986),andinpersonalconversations,JohnMaynardSmitharguedthatthedevelopmentofarigorous,quantitativemathematicalsy
8、stemstheorymakesdialecticsobsolete.Engels'awkward"interchangeofcauseandeffect"canbereplacedby"feedback,"themysterious"transformationofquantityintoqual-ity"isno
