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1、Theor.Appl.Climatol.87,213221(2007)DOI10.1007/s00704-005-0192-61InstituteofUrbanMeteorology,Beijing,ChinaMeteorologicalAdministration,China2BeijingMeteorologicalObservatory,ChinaTemporalcharacteristicsoftheBeijingurbanheatislandW.Liu1,C.Ji2,J.Zhong1,X.Jiang1,a
2、ndZ.Zheng1With8FiguresReceivedApril19,2005;revisedJuly14,2005;acceptedNovember10,2005PublishedonlineApril27,2006#Springer-Verlag2006Summaryamillion.Beijingisthecapitalbothpoliticallyandintermsofpopulationsize.OverthepastThispaperdescribestheinter-annualtrend,a
3、ndthesea-sonalandhourlyvariationofthenearsurfaceurbanheat30years,thegroundsurfaceoftheBeijingareaisland(UHI)inBeijing.Thesurfaceairtemperaturedatahasundergonedramaticalternationduetourbani-(mean,maximum,andminimum)fromoneurban(down-zation.Since1978,theurbanare
4、aandpopula-townBeijing)andonerural(70kmfromdowntowntionhavegrowncontinuously.Currently,BeijingBeijing)stationwereusedfortheperiod1977and2000.accommodatesabout10,526,880people(2004Itisfoundthatthetemperaturesinbothurbanandruralestimate)intheurbanregion.WithBeij
5、ingsstationsshowanincreasingtendency.Specifically,mini-mumtemperatureshowsthegreatesttendencyattheurbanurbanareacontinuouslyexpanding,environmen-stationwhereasmaximumtemperatureshowsthegreatesttalandecologicalproblemsarebecomingmoreincreaseattheruralstation.The
6、UHIintensityobtainedbyandmoreserious.Environmentalpollutionfromcalculatingthedifferenceintemperaturesbetweenthetwocoalburningandfuelcombustionisdamagingstationsidentifiesthattheintensityisgreatestandhasthethepopulationshealth,airandwaterquality,agri-greatestinc
7、reasingtrendforminimumtemperature,whiletheUHIintensityofmaximumtemperatureshowsaslowcultureand,ultimatelytheeconomy.Theim-decreaseovertime.UHIintensityforminimumtemperaturepactsofurbanization,industrialization,andotherhasastrongpositivecorrelationwiththeincrea
8、seinthechangesinlanduseonlocalclimatehavebeenurbanpopulationandtheexpansionoftheyearlyconstruc-widelydocumented.Howard(1833)beganre-tionarea.SeasonalanalysesshowedtheUHIintensityis
