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1、THOMASERNSTNEGATIONINMANDARINCHINESE*ThispaperproposesananalysisofMandaiinChinesenegationinwhichbu'not'isanadverbinSpec,AuxPorSpec,VPwhichmayoccuronlywithunboundedaspeetualsituationsandwhichmustcliticizetothefollowingelementatS-structure.Evidencecomesprimarilyfromthefactsthat(i
2、)budoesnotnormallyoccurwithperfectiveaspectmarkersorwithtelicsituations(suchasachievements),and(2)whilebuoccurswithpreverbaladjuncts,itcannotcooccurwithcertaintypesofpostverbaladjuncts:itisarguedthatpostposingthelatterfromtheirbasepreverbalpositionleavesatracewhichpreventsbufro
3、mclitieizing,asitmust.Evidencecomesalsofrom(3)theuntenabilityofalternativeanalysesinvokingscopeorovertheadmovement.Thisanalysissupportstheviewsthatmorphologicalrequirementsoffunctionalitemsmayhaveimportantconsequencesforsyntaxandthatthedistributionofsuchitemscanbeaccountedfor,i
4、npart,by'AffixChecking',i.e.,headmovementatLFratherthaninovertsyntax.1.INTRODUCTIONScholarshavelongbeenconcernedwiththesyntaxofnegation,bothchroniclingitscross-linguisticvariety(e.g.,Jesperson1917,Zimmer1964,Dahl1979,Payne1985)andusinglanguage-specificfactsaboutnegationtoarguep
5、ointsoftheory(suchasChomsky1957,Klima1964,Pollock1989).Thishasbeenfruitfulpartlybecausenegationofteninteractswithothergrammaticalphenomenainrevealingways;andwithrenewedinter-estintense,agreement,aspectandotherfunctionalcategories,negationisagainprovidinginsightsintothepropertie
6、sofhumanlanguage(e.g.,HaegemanandZanuttini1991,Zanuttini1991,Benmamoun1992).InthispaperIexaminenegationinMandarinChinese,focusingonitsinteractionwithaspectandmannermodification.Mostcentralisthein-abilityofthenegatorbu'not'tocooccurwithperfectiveaspectmarkers,illustratedin(1):*I
7、amgratefultoCarlotaSmith,ShizheHuang,HaoLi,LisaCheng,JamesHuang,AudreyLi,PeggySpeas,BillFrawley,twoanonymousP~½LLTreviewers,andaudiencesattheJerseySyntaxCircIe(NewBrunswick,FebruaryI992),NACCLA(AnnArbor,May1992),andtCCL1(Singapore,June1992)fordiscussionandusefulcomments,ialsoow
8、ethankstoJennyZhijieWang,HaoLi,andShizheHuangforhelpin
