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1、GMATEssayModel开头段Theconclusionendorsedinthisargumentisthat…Severalreasonsareofferedinsupportofthisargument.Firstofall,theauthorpointsoutthat…Inaddition,theauthorreasonsthat…What’smore,healsoassumesthat…Atfirstglance,theauthor’sargumentappearstobesomewh
2、atconvincing,butfurtherreflectionrevealsthattheconclusionisbasedonsomedubiousassumptionsandthereasoningisbiasedduetotheinadequacyandpartialityinthenatureofevidenceprovidedtojustifytheconclusion.Acarefulexaminationwouldreviewhowgroundlessthisconclusioni
3、s.AWA七宗罪结论无据(otherfactors)TheauthorassumesthatAisduetoB.However,Bmaybeanimportantcontributingfactorbutnotnecessarytheonlyone.Forexample,suchfactorsas…and……mayaccountforA.Withouttakingintoaccountotheressentialfactors,theassumptionisunsupportable.Theauth
4、orhastoruleoutotherfactorsthatmayleadtotheconclusion.无因果联系Theauthorfalselyestablishesacausalrelationship.ThemerefactthatAissomewhatcorrelatedwithBisinsufficienttoestablishacausalrelationship.Forexample...Withouttakingintoaccounttherealrelationshipbetwe
5、entwoevents,theassumptionisunreasonable.TheauthorhastoprovidemoreconcreteevidencetoproveacausalrelationshipbetweenAandB.错误类比TheauthorassumesthatAisanalogoustoBHowever,theirdiscrepancyoutweighstheirsimilarities.Theauthoractuallymakesafalseanalogy.Forexa
6、mple,AandBwillbepolesapartif…Withouttakingintoaccountsuchdiscrepancy,theassumptionisgroundless.TheauthorhastoprovidetheAresemblesBinallaspects.时地全等Theauthorassumesthatconditionsofwillremainunchangedastheywerebefore.However,thefutureisuncertain.Theargum
7、entcommitsafallacyof“Allthingsareequal”.Forexample…Withouttakingintoaccountsuchpossibilities,theassumptionisungrounded.Theauthorhastoruleoutotherpossibilitiesthatmayleadtotheconclusion.二者择一TheauthorassumesthatAandBaremutuallyexclusivealternatives.Andby
8、applyingsuchan“either-or”reasoning,theauthoractuallypresentsafalsedilemma.Forexample,therecouldhaveotherpossibilitiesthat…Withouttakingaccountintootheroptions,theassumptionisunfair.Theauthorhastoruleoutotheroptionsthatmayleadtotheconclu