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1、ATextbookofTranslationPeterNewmarkChapter1introduction(p3)Bearinmind,however,thatknowingaforeignlanguageandyoursubjectisnotasimportantasbeingsensitivetolanguageandbeingcompetenttowriteyourownlanguagedexterously,clearly,economicallyandresourcefully.(p4)Atranslatorhastohaveaflairandafeelfor
2、hisownlanguage.Thereisnothingmysticalaboutthis‘sixthsense’,butitiscompoundedofintelligence,sensitivityandintuition,aswellasofknowledge.Thissixsense,whichoftencomestoplayduringafinalrevision,tellsyouwhentotranslateliterally,andalso,instinctively,perhapsonceinahundredorthreehundredwords,whe
3、ntobreakallthe‘rules’oftranslation,whentotranslateMalheurby‘catastrophe’inaseventeenth-centurytext.(p8)Atranslator,perhapsmorethananyotherpractitionerofaprofession,iscontinuallyfacedwithchoices.Inmakinghischoice,heisintuitivelyorconsciouslyfollowingatheoryoftranslation.Translationcallsona
4、theoryinaction;thetranslatorreviewsthecriteriaforthevariousoptionsbeforehemakeshisselectionasaprocedureinhistranslatingactivity.Chapter2TheAnalysisofaTextReadingthetext(p11)Youhavetodetermineitsintentionandthewayitiswrittenforthepurposeofselectingasuitabletranslationmethodandidentifyingpa
5、rticularandrecurrentproblems.Understandingthetextrequiresbothgeneralandclosereading.Generalreadingistogetthegist.Closereadingisrequired,inanychallengingtext,ofthewordsbothoutofandincontext.Inprinciple,everythinghastobelookedupthatdoesnotmakegoodsenseinitscontext.Theintentionofthetext(p12)
6、TheintentionofthetextrepresentstheSLwriter’sattitudetothesubjectmatter.Theintentionofthetranslator(p12)Usually,thetranslator’sintentionisidenticalwiththatoftheauthoroftheSLtext.Textstyles(p13)FollowingNida,wedistinguishfourtypesof(literaryornon-literary)text:(1)Narrative:adynamicsequenceo
7、fevents,wheretheemphasisisontheverbsor,forEnglish,‘dummy’or‘empty’verbsplusverb-nounsorphrasalverbs.(2)Description,whichisstatic,withemphasisonlinkingverbs,adjectives,adjectivalnouns.(3)Discussion,atreatmentofideas,withemphasisonabstractnouns(concepts),verbsofthough
