newmark翻译理论

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1、PeterNewmark1.philosophicalfoundation2.theoreticaldevelopment3.distinctionbetweenNewmarkandNidathe8translationmethodsReferencesDataanalysisTableofcontents1.ThephilosophicalfoundationofNewmark’sthinkingontranslationPhilosophyisafundamentalissueintranslationtheory.(Newmark,19

2、81:6).TheAmericanphilosopherC.S.Peirce,thefounderofsemiotics,forcommunicativetranslationThemeaningofasignconsistsofalltheeffectsthatmayconceivablyhavepracticalbearingsonaparticularinterpretant,andwhichwillvaryinaccordancewiththeinterpretant.(Newmark,1981:5)theBritishphiloso

3、pherJ.Austin’sdistinctionbetweenconstativeandperformativesentencesTranslationisacraftconsistingintheattempttoreplaceawrittenmessageand/orstatementinonelanguagebythesamemessageand/orstatementinanotherlanguage.(Newmark,1981:7)OneofthebasicdifferencesbetweenS-TandC-Tisonconsta

4、tiveandperformative.(Newmark,1981:23)2.Newmark’stheoreticaldevelopmentSLbiasTLbiasliteralfreefaithfulidiomaticsemantic/communicative(Newmark,1981:39)SLemphasisTLemphasisword-for-wordadaptationliteralfreefaithfulidiomaticsemantic/communicative(Newmark,1988:45)The8translation

5、methodsWord-for-wordtranslationThisisoftendemonstratedasinterlineartranslation,withtheTLimmediatelybelowtheSLwords.TheSLword-orderispreservedandthewordstranslatedsinglybytheirmostcommonmeaning,outofcontext.Culturalwordsaretranslatedliterally.Themainuseofaword-for-wordtransl

6、ationiseithertounderstandthemechanicsofthesourcelanguageortoconstrueadifficulttextasapre-translationprocess.LiteraltranslationTheSLgrammaticalconstructionsareconvertedtotheirnearestTLequivalentsbutthelexicalwordsareagaintranslatedsingly,outofcontext.Asapre-translationproces

7、s,thisindicatestheproblemstobesolved.FaithfultranslationAfaithfultranslationattemptstoreproducetheprecisecontextualmeaningoftheoriginalwithintheconstraintsoftheTLgrammaticalstructures.It‘transfers’culturalwordsandpreservesthedegreeofgrammaticalandlexical‘abnormality’(deviat

8、ionfromSLnorms)inthetranslation.Itattemptstobecompletelyfaithfultotheintentionsand