3 the oral approach and situational language teaching

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1、TheOralApproachandSituationalLanguageTeaching主讲：尹国杰03八月2021Britishappliedlinguistsinthe1920s–1930sFurtherdevelopedinthe1930s-1960sAgrammar-basedmethodOriginatedfromtheDirectMethodandtheAudio-LingualMethod(Audio-visualMethod)OriginanddevelopmentHaroldPalmer

2、A.S.Hornby:(1898–1978),anEnglishgrammarian,lexicographer(dictionarycompiler/editor),andpioneerinthefieldofEnglishlanguagelearningandteaching(ELT).AscientificfoundationforOralApproach:vocabularyandgrammarVocabulary:frequency,2000corewordsGrammar:gradationOr

3、iginanddevelopmentTheoryoflanguage:British“structuralism”Speech:thebasisoflanguageStructure:theheartofspeakingability.Closerelationshipbetweenthestructure,thecontextandsituationsPrimaryimportancetomeaning,contextandsituationTheoreticalfoundationsTheoryofla

4、nguagelearning:behavioristhabit-learningtheorytheprocessesratherthantheconditionsoflearning:learningisaprocessofforminghabitsinlanguagespeechpatternsinductiveapproachtotheteachingofgrammarTheoreticalfoundationsLanguageteachingbeginswiththespokenlanguageThe

5、targetlanguageisthelanguageoftheclassroom.Newlanguagepointsareintroducedandpracticedsituationally.Vocabularyselectionproceduresarefollowedtoensurethatanessentialgeneralservicevocabularyiscovered.Itemsofgrammararegradedfollowingtheprinciplethatsimpleformssh

6、ouldbetaughtbeforecomplexones.Readingandwritingareintroducedonceasufficientlexicalandgrammaticalbasisisestablished.Features/CharacteristicsTogetapracticalcommandofthefourbasicskillsoflanguageToobtainaccuracyinpronunciationandgrammarObjectivesNewsentencepat

7、ternspresentedinsituationsDrill-basedpracticeGuidedrepetitionandsubstitutionactivitiesDictation,imitationandcontrolledoral-basedreadingandwritingtasksTechniquesListeningpracticeChoralimitationIndividualimitationIsolationNewmodelElicitation(启发）Substitution

8、Q-AdrillsCorrectionProceduresAdvantagesThefirstattempttoestablishtheoreticalprinciplesMarkingupsomeshortcomingsoftheDirectMethod,emphasisonthefunctionofsituationDisadvantagesNotconcernedwithappropriatenessorr