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1、系统解剖学局部解剖学Regionalanatomy主讲人:侯一平教授兰州大学基础医学院解剖教研室January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG头部面部颅部January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG境界与分区头部与颈界线是:下颌骨下缘、
2、下颌角、乳突、上项线和枕外隆凸间的连线。头部分为后上方的颅部和前下方的面部,界线是:眶上缘、颧弓、外耳门和乳突连线头部与颈:下颌骨下缘、下颌角、乳突、上项线和枕外隆凸间的连线。头部分为颅部和面部,界线是:眶上缘、颧弓、外耳门和乳突连线January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG第一节面部一、浅层结构二、肌肉三、面部的血管神经四、面侧区January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anat
3、omy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG1.皮肤:薄而软血管较丰富及含大量的毛囊、皮脂腺和汗腺,三个特点很突出。2.浅筋膜:内含丰富血管、神经、大量的表情肌。一、浅层结构January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG二、面部肌肉表情肌咀嚼肌January,2007Copyright©Depart.An
4、atomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG重要的面肌有:1.眼轮匝肌2.口轮匝肌3.枕额肌和帽状腱膜January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG4、咀嚼肌:四对翼内肌翼外肌颞肌咬肌January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,Lanzh
5、ouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG三、面部的血管神经1.血管(1)面部血供丰富,面浅层动脉主要是面动脉。(2)面静脉和“危险三角”January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG(1)分布于面部的感觉神经和支配咀嚼肌的神经为三叉神经2.面部神经分布January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedici
6、ne,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG(2)支配表情肌活动的为面神经,分为五组分支:1)颞支2)颧支3)颊支4)下颌缘支5)颈支January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG四、面侧区(一)腮腺咬肌区(二)面侧深区January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,Lanzhou
7、University.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG(一)腮腺咬肌区主要结构为腮腺及穿腮腺的结构。January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG以下颌支后缘为标志分为浅、深二部。浅部略呈锥形。1.腮腺的位置和外形January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.Allrigh
8、treservedbyYPHOUand