2009年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类（A级）真题及答案 第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1 Whycan'tyoustopyoureternalcomplaining？ A everlasting Blong C temporary Dboring 2 Hundredsofbuildingswerewreckedbytheearthquake. A shaken Bdamaged C fallen Djumped 3 Thesepaintingsareconsideredbymanytobeauthentic. A faithful Broyal C genuine Dsincere 4 Manyeconomistshavegivenintothefatallureofmathematics. A attraction Bsimplicity C power Drigor 5 Tenyearsaftertheevent，herdeathstillremainsapuzzle. A mist Bfog C mystery Dsecret 6 Johnwasirritatedbythenecessityforpoliteconversation， A annoyed Btroubled C angered Daroused 7 Academicrecordscannotbeduplicated. A borrowed Bpurchased C rewritten Dcopied 8 Theemphasisontheimportanceofeducationhasspurredscientificresearch A fastened Bencouraged C raised Dinitiated 9 Wehaveamplemoneyforthejourney A some Blittle C extra Denough 10Thedoctor'spillsworkedmarvelsforme. A patients Bmiracles C illness Drecovery 11Mary'sperpetualmoaningnearlydrovememad. A monotonous Bendless C serious Dbitter 12Itwashardtosaywhythemandeservedsuchshabbytreatment A old Bunforgettable C funny Dunfair 13Youdidn'tadheretotheseprinciples. A follow Border C prove Dhandle 14Thefarmersalsowanttousethewatertoirrigatethebarrenland. A empty Bhairless C bare Dsmooth 15Anyonewhowantstoapplyforaloanneedreadthefollowingspecifications. A expressions Bwarnings C instructions Dadvertisements 第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分） 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C. Water-theIssueofThisCentury Theworldisrunningshortoffreshwater.Populationsaregrowingbiggerand Thirstier（渴的），withtheresultthatfreshwaterisbecomingincreasinglyscarce（缺乏）。Halftheworld'swetlandshavedisappearedduringthelastcentury，whileestimatessuggestthatwaterusewillriseby50%inthenext30years. TheWorldBankreportestimatesthatasmuchashalfoftheworld'spopulation，concentratedinAfrica，theMiddleEastandsouthAsia，willface'severewatershortages'by2025.Localwaterconflictsandthelossoffreshwaterecosystemsappearlargeinsomeregions. Asimilarpictureemergesfromtheglobe'ssaltwaterregions.Three-quartersoftheworld'speoplemaylivewithin100kmoftheseain2025，puttingevenmorepressureonstretchedcoastalecosystems.Twothirdsoffisheries（渔业）areexploitedatorbeyondtheirsustainablelimits，andhalftheworld'scoralreefs（珊瑚礁）mayperishin100years.Almost60%ofcoralreefsand34%offishspeciesareatriskfromhumanactivities，theBanksays. Thereportconcludesthatthereisampleevidencetojustifyimmediateandcoordinatedactiontosafeguardsuppliesandusewatermoreefficiently. Freshwaterconsumptionisrisingquickly，andtheavailabilityofwaterinsomeregionsislikelytobecomeoneofthemostpressingissuesofthe21stcentury. Athirdoftheworld'spopulation-aroundtwobillionpeople-liveincountriesthatareexperiencingmoderatetohighwatershortages.Thatproportioncouldrisetohalformoreinthenext30yearsunlessinstitutions（制度）changetoensurebetterconservationandallocationofwater. Chinaisonecountrywheretheportents（征兆）aregloomy.Themostwater-stressedcountryinEastAsia，Chinaisexploiting44%ofitsusablewater，afigureprojectedtoriseto60%by2020.Primarywithdrawalofwaterofmorethan60%iswidelyconsideredbywaterexpertstoexceedtheenvironmentalcarryingcapacityofariverbasinsystem.AlthoughChina'stotaluseappearsstilltobereasonable，ithasseveralbasinsthatareseverelystressedenvironmentally. WithdrawalsexceedenvironmentallimitsinAfghanistanandPakistan，andwillexceedtheminIndiaby2020.IntheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica，onlyMoroccohasunexploitedwaterresources.Theresthaveexceededenvironmentallimitsandmanyareminingaquifers（蓄水层）-bodiesofwater-bearingrock-thereportsays. 16 Itisestimatedthatwaterusewillriseby50%inthenext30years. A Right B Wrong CNotmentioned 17 Mostdevelopedcountrieswillfacewatershortagesin20years. A Right B Wrong CNotmentioned 18 Mostoftheworld'spopulationmaylivewithin100kmoftheseain2025. A Right B Wrong CNotmentioned 19 Almostallcoralreefsmaydisappearin100years. A Right B Wrong CNotmentioned 20 SomespeciesoffishintheAtlanticareatdangerouslylowlevels. A Right B Wrong CNotmentioned 21 TheWorldBankreportimpliesthaturgentactionshouldbetakentoprotectwatersupplies. A Right B Wrong CNotmentioned 22 Indiaexceedsenvironmentallimitsforwateruse. A Right B Wrong CNotmentioned 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分） 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段1选择个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。 Chimpanzees 1 Chimpanzees（黑猩猩）willsoonbeextinct（灭绝）。Ifthepresentrateofhuntingandhabitat（栖息地）destructioncontinues，thenwithin20years，therewillbenochimpanzeeslivinginthewild.Butthisismorethananenvironmentalormoraltragedy（悲剧）。Chimpanzeeextinctionmayalsohaveprofoundimplications（含意）forthesurvivaloftheirdistantrelatives-humanbeings. 2 In1975thebiologistMarie-ClaireKingandAllanWilsondiscoveredthatthehumanandchimpanzeegenomes（基因组）matchbyover98%.Comparethistothemouse， usedasmodelforhumandiseaseinlabtests，whichsharesonly60%ofitsDNAwithus.Infact，chimpanzeesarefarmoresimilartohumansthantheyaretoanyotherspeciesofmonkey.Aswellasresemblingusgenetically，chimpsarehighlyintelligentandabletousetools.Thesefactsaloneshouldbeenoughtomakeprotectionofchimpsanurgentpriority（优先）。Butthereisanother，moreselfishreasontopreservethechimp. 3 Thechimpanzees'trumpcard（王牌）comesinthefieldofmedicalresearch.Chimpanzeesaresosimilartohumansthatveterinarians（兽医）oftenrefertohumanmedicaltextbookswhentreatingthem.Yetchimpanzeesdoshowdifferencesinseveralkeyareas.Inparticular，chimpsaremuchmoreresistanttoanumberofmajordiseases.Itisthisabilitythatissointeresting. 4 Forexample，chimpsseemtoshowamuchhigherresistancethanhumanstoHIV，thevirusthatcausesAIDS.Indeed，theiruseasexperimentalanimalsinAIDSresearchhasdeclinedbecausetheyaresoresistant. 5 Bysequencingthechimpgenomeandpinpointing（找到）theplacewherethechimpanzeeDNAsequencediffersfromthatofhumans，scientistshopetobeabletodiscoverwhichpartofthegeneticcodegiveschimpstheirincreasedresistancetosomediseases.This，theyhope，willallowthemtodevelopnewandmoreeffectivetreatmentsforthehumanformsofthesediseases.Suchtreatmentscouldincludetheproductionofnewdrugsoreventhealteration（改变）ofthehumangeneticsequence.Therecentlycompletedhumangenomesequencingprojecthasshownthatsuchaneffortisnowwellwithinourreach. 23 Paragraph1 。 24 Paragraph2 。 25 Paragraph3 。 26 Paragraph4 。 A ReasonsforHIVresistance B Implicationsofchimpanzeeextinctionforhumans C EffectiveAIDStreatment D Geneticsimilaritiesbetweenchimpsandhumans E Chimps'resistancetoHIV F Geneticdifferencesbetweenchimpsand“humans 27 Chimpanzeeextinctionmayaffect 。 28 Thereisadifferenceoflessthan2%betweenthechimpand 。 29 Scientistssuspectthatgenesplayasignificantroleinprotectingchimpsfromgetting 。 30 Thediscoveryofthegeneticcodeofchimpswillbehelpfulto 。 A somehumandiseasetreatments B somediseases C humansurvival D humangenomes E keyareas F healthierlifestyle 第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分） 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。 31 The“YouthEmancipation”programaimsathelpingyoungpeople A fightforfreedom. B liveinanindependentway. C fightagainstsocialinjustice. D getridoffamilyresponsibilities. 32 Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph5thatfamilytiesarestrongerinPortugalthanin A Finland. B Greece. C Spain. D Italy. 33 Youngpeople'sfamilydependencecanbeattributedtoallthefollowingfactorsEXCEPT A parents'tolerance. B housingproblems. C culturaltraditions. D unwillingnesstogetmarried. 34 Whichofthefollowingstatementsis，NOTtrueofDionisioMasso？ ASheis60yearsold. BShehasaboyfriend. CShehasthreechildren. DShelivesinMadrid. 35 Thephrase“waryof”inparagraph8couldbebestreplacedby A tiredof. B afraidof. C cautiousabout. D worriedabout. 第二篇 36 Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutbirdsongs？ A Femalezebrafinchesaretooshytosingbeforemales. B Malezebrafinchessinglouderthanfemales. C Femalezebrafinchesliketolistentounknownmalessing. D Malezebrafincheschangetheirsongstoattractfemales. 37 Whatdidtheresearchersfindintheirstudyoffemalezebrafinches？ A Femalefinchesonlylikedsongsmalefinchessangfortheirmates B Femalefincheslikedsongsmalefinchessangforthem. C Femalefincheslikedtolistentosongsfrombothspeakers， D Femalefincheschosethebestmalesingersastheirmates. 38 Whatismeantby“concertsongs”inparagraph？ A Songssungbyzebrafinchesataconcert. B Songssungbyfemalefinchesformalefinches. C Songssungbymalefinchesforfemalefinches. D Songssungbymalefinchestootherfinches. 39 Theexpression“directedcommunication”inthelastparagraphmeanscommunicationinwhich A themessagesenderhasaspecificaudience. B thecommunicatorsendsmessagestohimself. C twocommunicatorssendmessagestoeachother. D motherstalktotheirbabiesintheirmothertongue. 40 Whichofthefollowingcanbestreflectthethemeofthepassage？ A Chirpingaway. B Zebrafinchesandtheirlife. C Birdsongsascommunication. D Frequenciesofbirdsongs. 第三篇 TheRobotMan AccordingtoHansMoravec，universalrobotswilltakeoverallthephysical 41 Whatwillbethedistinctivefeatureofthesecondgenerationrobots？ A Theywillbeabletorecognizespeechesandtexts. B Theywillbeabletolearnbythemselves. C Theywillbeabletopredictproblems. D Theywillbeabletomatchhumanreasoningandbehavior. 42 Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofthefuturerobots？ A Theywillrelieveusofmanychores. B Theywilltakeovertheinformationindustry. C Theywillneversurpassus. D Theywillbecomehigh-costcommodityitems. 43 Theauthor'smainpurposeisto A describethelifeofHansMoravec. B supporttheviewthatrobotswillplayamajorroleinourlife. C makefunoftheviewsofHansMoravec. D getpeoplepreparedforthethreatoffuturerobots. 44 Theword“plummet”inparagraph6means A decrease. B stretch. C extend. D grow. 45 WhatdoesMoravecthinkofthesefuturerobots？ A Theywilllooklikepreviousbiologicalchildren B Theywillbehumans'mind-children. C Theywillcreateadangerousworld. D Theywillruletheworld. 第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分） 下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 MyLifeatRenda Ilearnedveryquicklythatbeingateachingassistant（TA）attheUniversityofIowawouldbedifferentfrombeingateacheratRenminUniversity. （46）Eyesstaring，mouthsopen，studentsexaminedmybignose，whileIwaswritingmynameontheblackboard. AtIowa，whenmyfirstclassesbegan，halfofmystudentsstillhadn'tarrived.Wheneveryonefinallyfoundaseat，ringingcellphonesandloudyawns（哈欠）interruptedmyopeningremarks.ItisnotthatAmericanstudentsweredisrespectful. （47）Theywere，however，farmoreskepticalthanthestudentsIhadatRenda.ThetruthisIcouldn'tfaultthemfortheirskepticism.UndergraduatesatlargeUSuniversities-especiallyfreshmenandsophomores-oftenhaveseveralclassesasemesterhandledbyTAs.Insomecases，theTAsetsthecoursecontent. （48）Mosthavegoodintentions，butveryfewareaseffectiveasprofessors. Everyteacherhastoconfrontobstaclestolearning-nomatterwhattheculture.Studentswhotalkduringlectures，studentswhocheat，studentswhoquestionthegradetheygetforapaperorproject-dealingwiththeseisallpartofthejob. （49） Thedifference，Ithink，isthatintheUSIhadtoswallowmoreofmypride. （50） Ihadaresponsibilitytoteachthem，ofcourse，butIhadtodosoindirectly-asaguidewhohimselfhadafewthingstolearnfromthestudents. A Inmystudents'minds，Ihadlittletoofferthem，exceptperhapssomesamplequestionsforthemid-termexam. B Inothers，theTAworksasagraderanddiscussionleader. C IencounteredtheseinChina，andIfacedthemintheUS. D Ontheotherhand，beingtaughtbyagraduatestudentisnotnecessarilybad. E Mostwerepolite，oratleast，indifferent. F BackatRenda，Ihadwalkedintomyfirstclassesfeelinglikeacelebrity 第6部分：完形填空（第51～55题，每题1分，共15分） 下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定一个最佳选项。 SharksPerformaServiceforEarth'sWaters Itishardtogetpeopletothinkofsharksasanythingbutadeadlyenemy.Theyarethoughtto （51） peoplefrequently.Althoughthesefishperformavaluable （52） forearth'swatersandforhumanbeings，businessandsportfishingarethreateningtheir （53） 。Asaresult，somesharksareatriskofdisappearingfromEarth. Warmweathermayinfluencebothfishandshark （54） 。Manyfishswimnearcoastalareasbecauseoftheir （55） waters.Expertssaysharksmayfollowthefishintothesameareas， （56） peoplealsoswim.Infact，mostsharksdonotpurposelychargeatorbitehumans.Theyarethoughttomistakeaperson （57） aseaanimal，suchasaseal（海豹）orsealion.Thatiswhypeopleshouldnotswimintheoceanwhenthesungoesdownorcomesup，becausethosearethetimeswhensharksarelookingfor （58） 。Expertsalsosaythatbrightcolorsandshinyjewelry（珠宝）maycausesharkstoattack. Asharkhasanextremely'goodsenseof （59） ，withwhichitcanfindsmallamountsofsubstancesinwater，suchasblood，bodyliquidsandchemicals （60） byanimals.Thesepowerfulsenseshelpsharksfindtheirfood.Sharkseatfish，any （61） sharks，andplantsthatliveintheocean. Medicalresearcherswanttolearnmoreabouttheshark'sbodydefenseandimmune（免疫的） （62） againstdisease.Researchersknowthatsharks （63） quicklyfrominjuries.Theystudythesharkinhopesoffindingawaytofighthumandisease. Sharksareimportantfortheworld'soceans，astheyeatinjuredanddiseasedfish.Their （64） activitiesmeanthatthenumbersofotherfishinoceanwatersdonotbecometoo （65） 。Thisprotectstheplantsandotherformsoflifethatexistintheoceans. 51 Aattack Bmeet Crecognize Dvisit 52 Aresearch Bexperiment Cservice Danalysis 53 Apower Bexistence Cmates Dskills 54 AintelligenceBshape Csize Dactivity 55 Afresh Bsoft Cwarm Ddeep 56 Awhose Bwhich Cthat Dwhere 57 Ato Bfor Cas Dwith 58 Afood Bhelp Cfriends Dtrainers 59 Ahumor Bsecurity Csmell Dtouch 60 Acontained Bproduced Cused Dadded 61 Athose Bthese Canother Dother 62 Asystems Bprocesses Cideas Dtheories 63 Arecover Bescape Creturn Dcut 64 Amental Bhunting Csocial Dswimming 65 Aweak Blittle Cfew Dgreat 【参考答案】 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.B 9.D 10.B 11.B 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.A 19.B 20.C 21.A 22.B 23.B 24.D 25.F 26.E 27.C 28.D 29.B 30.A 31.B 32.A 33.D 34.B 35.C 36.D 37.B 38.C 39.A 40.C 41.B 42.A 43.B 44.A 45.B 46.F 47.E 48.B 49.C 50.A 51.A 52.C 53.B 54.D 55.C 56.D 57.B 58.A 59.C 60.B 61.D 62.A 63.A 64.B 65.D
