语法-定语从句

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1、定语从句复习定语从句定语从句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。　　关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which,as等。　　关系副词有：when,where,why等。先行词是物先行词是人定语地点状语时间状语主宾主宾关系代词whichthatwhowhomwhose关系副词wherewhen注：1.介词提前时一般只用which和whom。2.whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhic

2、h/ofwhom关系词的种类关系代词关系副词起着代词和连词的作用，在从句中充当主语，宾语或定语起着副词或介词短语和连词的作用，在从句中充当状语Theman(whoisstandingthere)ismybrother.关系词的作用：①代替前面的先行词在从句中充当一定的成分②把两个句子连起来构成一个复合句关系代词引导的定语从句两个简单句：Amanisstandingthere.Themanismybrother.=主从复合句：Themanwhoisstandingthereismybrother.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词先行词一般是名词或代词

3、关系代词：引导定语从句的词Ihaveasister.+SheworksinShanghai.=Ihaveasister___________worksinShanghai.Translate:他想要见的人在上海。Hewantstoseetheman.+ThemanisinShanghai.=Theman______________hewantstoseeisinShanghai.Haveyoufoundthepen?+Youlostityesterday.=Haveyoufoundthepen___________youlostyesterda

4、y?who/thatwho/whom/that(that/which)Doyouknowthegirl?+Hermotherworkshere.=Doyouknowthegirl________motherworkshere?Iliveinaroom.+itswindowfacessouth.=Iliveinaroom________windowfacessouth.whosewhose=Iliveinaroomthewindowofwhichfacessouth.ofwhichthewindowThisisthehouse.+Iwasborn

5、inthehouse.（介词短语）=Iwasbornthere（副词).=Thisisthehouse_______Iwasborn.=____which注意区别：Thisisthehouse____________Iwasbornin.(which/that)wherein关系副词和介词+which引导的定语从句Wewillneverforgettheday.+wewillholdtheOlympicGamesonthatday.=Wewillneverforgettheday______wewillholdtheOlympicGames._

6、___which注意区别：Iwillneverforgettheday____________Ispentwithyoulastyear.(which/that)Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelefthere.=forwhichwhenon注意：1.Thankyouforthebookthatyougaveittomeyesterday.在定语从句中，关系代词已代替了前面的先行词，所以在从句中不能在重复了。what不能用于定语从句中2.Tellmeanythingwhatyouknow.Tellmewhatyouknow.th

7、attellsb.sth,3.在介词＋whom/which结构中，介词的选择Iwillneverforgettheday____whichIreachedtheGreatWall.Tellmethetime_____whichthetrainleaves.Thisisthehero_____whomweareproud.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp.A.tothatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom根据先行词来判断根据从句中谓语动词的

8、固定搭配来判断onatofbeproudof;turntosb.forhelp4.（名词、代词、数词、最高级＋）of＋whom/which结构中，表所