为何英国人不爱搞晶圆厂？

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1、WhytheBritishgotoutoffabsPeterClarkeInresponsetoarequestfromaparticipantintheforumdiscussionbelowWhenthesmartmoneygotinto/outofmanufacturingIhavetriedtoanswerthequestions:"WhytheBritishhadtogetoutoffabsandendupjustwithdesign/IPalaARM?"and"Whyfabsstillsurvive(ifnot

2、exactlythrive)intheUK'straditionalrivalFrance?"Thedetailedreasonsarecomplex,generalizationsareusuallyfaultybutIwillhaveagoatputtingdownmyperspectiveasanobserveroftheelectronicsindustryfromtheU.K.since1984.AprimaryreasonthatfabsfailedtothriveintheU.K.isthatwhilethe

3、SecondWorldWarhelpedcreatetheU.S.asaglobaleconomicsuperpoweritmoreorlessbankruptedtheU.K.withimplicationsthatwereheavyinthe1950sandearly1960sandthatcontinuetothisday.Asecondreasonisalong-establishedartsandhumanitiesversussciencedivisioninU.K.society.Ithinkitisstil

4、lthecasethatscienceandtechnologyarenotsufficientlywellrepresentedamongstthepoliticalandwealthyestablishmentintheU.K.Butmaybethatisjustthesciencegraduateinmetalking.InthedistantpasttheownersandmanagersofUKcompaniesusuallyhadanon-scientificbackground.ThelikesofARM,W

5、olfson,CSR,Vodafoneandseveralothersarenowgloriousbutrelativelyrecentexceptions.Backin1960sU.K.technology-basedcompanymanagementtreatedengineersaswillingserfswhodidnotneedandshouldnotbegiventoomuchmoney.Itwasa"makedoandmend"mentalityleftoverfromtheSecondWorldWar,an

6、dmanyelectronicscompaniescontinuedtobecloselyalignedtomilitaryinterestsanddefensewastheearlyapplicationforelectronics.Thesecompaniesoftencouldnotcomprehendorcopewith:1)internationalcompetition2)thecontinuousexponentialincreaseinthecostofparticipationinelectronicsP

7、arsimoniousandparochialWhenfacedinthe1960sand1970swiththechoicebetweenspendingmillionsofpoundstocompeteinthin-filmmonolithicintegratedcircuitsandthousandsofpoundstomakethick-filmhybridsandPCBs,managementsupanddowntheU.K.chosetodothelatternotperceivinganydifference

8、butcost.Thedifferencebetweenthewealth,ambitionandentrepreneurialspiritabroadintheUnitedStates,andthehighsalariespaidthere,andthemeagerexistenceintheUnit