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1、英语阅读理解能力的养成湖南师大附中黄长泰1、阅读理解的语言基础1）篇章的联结手段2）词汇衔接与逻辑关系语2、阅读理解的技巧和方法1）正确阅读习惯的养成2）正确有效的阅读方法3、阅读理解题的题型分析1）文章的主旨和大意2）主旨大意语事实和细节3）根据上下文揣测词义4）句子的意义与上下文之间的逻辑关系5）判断推理和引申6）领会作者的观点、意图和态度1、阅读理解的语言基础阅读理解题的测试目的：应试者的综合语言能力：①运用语言知识（词汇和语法）的能力；②认知能力；③阅读技能.1）篇章的联结手段语篇的连贯性是通过合理的联结来体
2、现出来的。主要的联结方式有：语法手段、词汇衔接和逻辑关系语1、时间关联成分：表示事物发生的顺序：先时性、同时性和后时性。1）先时性关联成分：①形容词：earlier,former,previous②副词：already,before,ago,beforehandfirst,previously,③介词：beforethis/that,inadvance,bynow,notlongbefore,untilnowuntilthen,uptonow/thenExamples:①Hefinallyhandedagoodess
3、ay.Hispreviousessayswereallpoor.②Ifyouwanttohavedinnerinthisrestaurantatthistimeoftheday,you’dbettermakeapreservationbeforehand.1）同时性关联成分：①形容词：contemporary②副词：meantime,meanwhile,now,presently,then,justthen③介词：atthispoint,inthemeantime,inthemeanwhile,atthesameti
4、meExamples:①ThedeathofthepresidentwasreportedonTV.Asimultaneousannouncementwasbroadcastontheradio.②Iwenttocollege2yearsago.Meanwhile,allmyfriendsgotwell-paidjobs.1）后时性关联成分：①形容词：following,later,next②副词：after,afterwards,immediately,finally,later,since,then,soon③介
5、词：afterawhile,inamoment,afterthat/thisExamples:①Themotherwenttothesupermarkettobuysomefoodat4:30.Later,shepickedupherchildrenatschool.②WevisitedtheGreatWallonthefirstday.inthefollowingdays,wevisitedmanyotherplacesofinterest,includingtheForbiddenCityandtheSummer
6、Palace.2、地点关联成分：地点关联成份主要用来表示位置、地点或方向的词语above,around,before,beyond,beneath,closeto,further,here,infrontof,ontheleft,over,under,nextto,opposite,ontopof,atthebottom/backof,atthefootof,inside,outside等等。OnFridaymorning,Iwasatthefrontdoortalkingtoacaller.Suddenlywehe
7、ardacrashandtwocarscollidedjustopposite.Wehurriedacrosstoseeifwecouldhelp.Onedriverwasscramblingout,bleedingprofusely,andmyvisitor,helpedhimovertothepavement.Thenalongcamesomepeople,runningupthestreet.Idashedbackingandphonedforhelp.WhenIwentoutagain,theotherdri
8、ver,tryingtomovehiscardowntheroadalittleandintotheside.3、照应：照应是指用代词等语法手段来表示语义关系。Onedaythesunandthewindhadaquarrel.Thesunsaidhewasstrongerthanthewind.Andthewindsaidhewasstron
