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ID:38615456
大小:83.37 KB
页数:16页
时间:2019-06-16
《THE PROJECT项目 管理语境》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、THEPROJECTMANAGEMENTCONTEXT2Projectsandprojectmanagementoperateinanenvironmentbroaderthanthatof2.1theprojectitself.TheprojectmanagementteammustunderstandthisbroaderProjectPhasesandcontext—managingtheday-to-dayactivitiesoftheprojectisnecessaryforsuccesstheProjectLifeCyclebutnotsufficient.This
2、chapterdescribeskeyaspectsoftheprojectmanagementcontextnotcoveredelsewhereinthisdocument.Thetopicsincludedhereare:2.2ProjectStakeholders2.1ProjectPhasesandtheProjectLifeCycle2.2ProjectStakeholders2.32.3OrganizationalInfluencesOrganizational2.4KeyGeneralManagementSkillsInfluences2.5Socioecono
3、micInfluences2.42.1PROJECTPHASESANDTHEPROJECTLIFECYCLEKeyGeneralBecauseprojectsareuniqueundertakings,theyinvolveadegreeofuncertainty.Orga-ManagementSkillsnizationsperformingprojectswillusuallydivideeachprojectintoseveralprojectphasestoprovidebettermanagementcontrolandappropriatelinkstotheong
4、oing2.5operationsoftheperformingorganization.Collectively,theprojectphasesareknownSocioeconomicastheprojectlifecycle.Influences2.1.1CharacteristicsofProjectPhasesEachprojectphaseismarkedbycompletionofoneormoredeliverables.Adeliver-ableisatangible,verifiableworkproductsuchasafeasibilitystudy,
5、adetaildesign,oraworkingprototype.Thedeliverables,andhencethephases,arepartofagenerallysequentiallogicdesignedtoensureproperdefinitionoftheproductoftheproject.Theconclusionofaprojectphaseisgenerallymarkedbyareviewofbothkeyde-liverablesandprojectperformanceinorderto(a)determineiftheprojectsho
6、uldcontinueintoitsnextphaseand(b)detectandcorrecterrorscosteffectively.Thesephase-endreviewsareoftencalledphaseexits,stagegates,orkillpoints.Eachprojectphasenormallyincludesasetofdefinedworkproductsdesignedtoestablishthedesiredlevelofmanagementcontrol.Themajorityoftheseitemsarerelatedtothepr
7、imaryphasedeliverable,andthephasestypicallytaketheirnamesfromtheseitems:requirements,design,build,text,start-up,turnover,andothersasappropriate.SeveralrepresentativeprojectlifecyclesaredescribedinSection2.1.3.2.1.2CharacteristicsoftheProjectLifeCyc
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