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1、Chapter2BasicsofBiotechnologyforCivilandEnvironmentalEngineers2.1ReferencesfortheChapterThischapterisgivenwithoutreferencesconsideringitsuseasanintroductionfortheengineersstartingworkintheinterdisciplinaryareaofConstructionBiotechnology.Themajorreferencesthatcanbeusedaddition
2、allytothistextare(Ivanov2015;Madiganetal.2014;Wangetal.2010;BhattacharyyaandBanerjee2008;Fulekar2010).2.1.1BiotechnologyBiotechnologyisascientificandengineeringknowledgeontheuseofmicroor-ganismsortheirproductsinlarge-scaleindustrialprocesses.Dependingontheareaofapplication,the
3、microbialbiotechnologiesaredifferentiatedas–FoodBiotechnology,whichwasstartedinancienttimesfromtheproductionofbread,wine,beer,cheese,yogurt,pickledvegetables,fermentedsouses,etc.;–MedicalandVeterinaryBiotechnologies,dealswithindustrialproductionofantibiotics,vaccines,andother
4、pharmaceuticals,aswellaswithmicrobialprobiotics—livemicroorganismsforenhancementofphysiologicalactivitiesofhumanoranimals;–EnvironmentalBiotechnology,maintainscleanandsustainableenvironmentusingthemicrobialprocessesinwater,wastewater,pollutedsoil,andpollutedair;–Therearealsod
5、evelopingareasofAgricultural(biofertilizers),Mining(bi-oleachingofmetals),andEnergy(productionofbiofuels)Biotechnologies;–ConstructionBiotechnology,describedinthisbook,isanewdisciplinedevel-opingintwodirections:(1)biotechnologicalproductionofconstructionmate-rials,and(2)biote
6、chnologicalconstructionprocessesinsitu.©SpringerScience+BusinessMediaSingapore201723V.IvanovandV.Stabnikov,ConstructionBiotechnology,GreenEnergyandTechnology,DOI10.1007/978-981-10-1445-1_2242BasicsofBiotechnologyforCivilandEnvironmentalEngineers2.2ApplicabilityofConstructionB
7、iotechnologyBiotechnologycanbeappliedfortheproductionofconstructionmaterialsduetofourreasons:–lowcostduetouseofminingororganicwastesasrawmaterials;–lowercostincomparisonwiththeproductsofchemicalindustryduetosimplerandlessenergyconsumingtechnology;–lowertoxicityofbiomaterialst
8、hanchemicalmaterials;–sustainabilityofthebiotechnologicalproduction.
