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1、刚刚发生的青海地震让大家心里都对地震又恨又怕。虽然天灾我们无法控制，但我们可以做好应对措施，这样就可以尽可能的减少伤亡。 Anearthquakeisatremoroftheearth'ssurfaceusuallytriggeredbythereleaseofundergroundstressalongfaultlines.Thisreleasecausesmovementinmassesofrockandresultingshockwaves.Inspiteofextensiveresearchandsophist
2、icatedequipment,itisimpossibletopredictanearthquake,althoughexpertscanestimatethelikelihoodofanearthquakeoccurringinaparticularregion. In1935,Americanseismologist(地震学家)CharlesRichterdevelopedascalethatmeasuresthemagnitudeofseismicwaves.CalledtheRichterscale,itr
3、atesearthtremorsonascalefrom1to9,with9beingthemostpowerfulandeachnumberrepresentinganincreaseoftentimestheenergyoverthepreviousnumber.Accordingtothisscale,anyquakethatishigherthan4.5cancausedamagetostonebuildings;quakesratedamagnitudeof7andaboveareconsideredvery
4、severe.Aless-knownscale,theMercalliscale(麦氏震级),wasdevisedbyItalianseismologistGiuseppeMercallitomeasuretheseverityofanearthquakeintermsofitsimpactonaparticularareaanditsinhabitantsandbuildings. Someearthquakesaretoosmalltobefeltbutcancausemovementoftheearth,ope
5、ningupholesanddisplacingrocks.Shockwavesfromaverypowerfulearthquakecantriggersmallerquakeshundredsofmilesawayfromtheepicenter.Approximately1,000earthquakesmeasuring5.0andaboveoccuryearly.Earthquakesofthegreatestintensityhappenaboutonceayearandmajorearthquakes(7.
6、0-7.9)occurabout18timesayear.Strongearthquakes(6.0-6.9)occurabout10timesamonthandmoderateearthquakes(5.0-5.9)happenmorethantwicedaily.Mostearthquakesarenotevennoticedbythegeneralpublic,sincetheyhappeneitherundertheoceanorinunpopulatedareas.Sometimesanearthquakeu
7、ndertheoceancanbesosevere,itwillcauseatsunami,responsibleforfargreaterdamage. Thegreatestdangerofanearthquakecomesfromfallingbuildingsandstructuresandflyingglass,stonesandotherobjects. Ifyouliveinanearthquake-pronearea,herearesomestepsthatcanbetakentominimizer
8、isks: 如何应对地震： Affixbookcases,cabinets,refrigeratorsandfurnituretothewalls.将书架、橱柜、冰箱和家具固定在墙上。CaliforniaandJapansellsiliconeputtykitsthatcanbeusedtostickdishesandothe
