资源描述：
《Roman culture》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、RomanCultureRomanhistoryShe-wolf•EarliestRomanhistoryispartlegend,onaccountofincompletewrittenrecords.•ModestbeginninginRomanlegend.Romulus&Remus,ReputedlydescendantsofAeneas,chosetheplacewheretheshe-wolfhadnursedthemTheCityofRome----Thecityonsevenhills/theEternalCity•Life
2、inancientRomerevolvedaroundthecityofRome,locatedonsevenhills.•Thecityalsohadseveraltheatersandgymnasiums,andmanytaverns,baths•residentialarchitecturerangedfromverymodesthousestocountryvillas•Imperialresidences:ontheelegantPalatineHill(theword“palace”isderived).•Thepoor:int
3、hecitycenter,packedintoapartments(almostlikemodernghettos).Time-lineyear753BC--:SevenKingsofRomeyear509BC--:RomanRepublicyear27BC--:RomanEmpireSevenkingsThelastkingwascalledTarquintheProud,cruelandexpelledbeforearepublic.In509BC,therewasarevolution.ThisincidentofLucretiasp
4、arkedarevolution.TheresultwasTarquinwasexiledfromRome.RomanRepublic•509BC–Octaviandictatorshipin27BC.Atfirst,Twoconsuls(archon)andasenateruledthecityRome.Clashesbetweenaristocracyandcommonpeoplefocusedonpoliticalrightsandlandanddebts.Forpoliticalrights,commonpeopleunitedin
5、awithdrawalmovement,whichresultedintherighttobeappointedasconsul.Astolandanddebts,thesystemofslaverywasabolishedbyallowingpeopleindebttorepaywithproperty.Theresultsoftheclashwere:Relieveclassdistinction;Expandsocialfoundations;Secureinterestofcommonpeople;Increasecommonpeo
6、ple’spower.•RomanLegions:ThemajorunitoftheRomanarmyconsistingof3,000to6,000infantrytroopsand100to200cavalrytroops.TheRomanRepubliclastedformorethan700yearsfrom509BCuntilaroundthetimeoftheassassination(暗杀)ofJuliusCaesar.ThisperiodwasmarkedbyanumberofRomanconquestsextendingo
7、verseveralcenturies.TheburningofCorinthin146B.C.markedRomanconquestofGreece.•Thepowerwasdividedamongstahierarchyofelectedfunctionaries（官员）-theSenate（元老院）theConsuls（两名执政官）theAssemblies（议会）•DuringthetimeofRomanRepublic,Romancitizenswereallowedtovote.Theseincludedpatriciansan
8、dplebeians.Women,slavesandchildrenwerenotallowedtovote.Patrician(贵族)—legalentities；Plebei
