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1、DivisionOneGreekCultureandRomanCultureI.GreekCulture1.Historicalcontext2.Socialandpoliticalstructure3.Homer4.Lyricpoetry5.Drama6.History7.Philosophyandscience8.Art,architecture,sculptureandpottery9.Impact1.HistoricalcontextWarbetweenGreeceandTroyinabout1,200B.C.Greekculturein
2、the5thcenturyB.C.CivilwarbetweenAthensandSpartaRuleofAlexanderinthe4thcenturyB.C.In146B.C.theRomansconqueredGreece.TrojanWar特洛伊战争InGreekmythologyandinIliadandOdysseybyHomerAbout1,200B.C.WarbetweenGreeceandTroyFoughtoverthebeautifulHelenLastedfor10yearsTrojanhorse,Laocoon(p33)
3、TroydefeatedGreeceandTroyRuleofAlexanderAncientGreekkingofMacedon(336–323BC)马其顿,ancientkingdominthenorthern-mostpartofancientGreeceAlexanderfightingPersianking2.SocialandpoliticalstructureDemocracy—“exerciseofpowerbythewholepeople”,theadultmalecitizensEconomy—slavelaborSports
4、–OlympusMount—OlympicGames,revivedin18963.HomerHomer(around7thcenturyB.C.),authoroftheancientGreekepics—IliadandOdyssey—theTrojanWarinaround1200B.C.荷马史诗，《伊利亚特》与《奥德赛》，特洛伊战争TheUnitedStatesaloneowessomuchtotheGreeks.TheIliadandtheOdysseyarebelievedtohavebeenmajorpartsofayoungGre
5、ek'seducation,andtodayweseethesegreatworksincorporatedintothecurriculumofalmosteveryhighschoolinAmerica.4.LyricpoetrySappho(about612-580B.C.)萨福WomanpoetofLesbos,lovepoems,themostimportantlyricpoetofancientGreecePindar--Greeklyricpoet品达OfthecanonicalninelyricpoetsofancientGree
6、ce,Pindaristheonewhoseworkisbestpreserved,andsomecriticssinceantiquityhaveregardedhimasthegreatest.5.DramaIntroductiontoGreekDramaa.Aeschylusb.Sophoclesc.Euripidesd.ComedyIntroductionto GreekDramaAncientGreeksperformedplaysatreligiousfestivals.Dramadevelopedinthe5thcenturyB.C
7、.Open-airtheatres,stonebenches,lookingdownatthestagefromthreesides,actorswithmasksa.Aeschylus(525-456B.C.)埃斯库罗斯The“FatherofTragedy”,oneofthethreegreatancientGreektragedians古希腊悲剧作家Saidtohavewrittenoverninetyplays,onlysevenhavesurvived.Twoactorsandachorus,writteninverse,vividch
8、aracters,andmajesticpoetryPrometheusBound《被缚的普罗米修斯》Persians,theoldes
