Personality Traits and Health 原文

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1、PersonalityTraitsandHealth-RiskBehavioursinUniversityStudentsAbstractRelationsbetweenpersonalityandhealth-riskbehavioursinuniversityundergraduateswereexaminedusingmultiplemeasuresofpersonalityacrossmultiplesamples(N1151).BigFivepersonalityvariables,atbothfactorandfac

2、etlevels,wereusedtopredictthreespecifichealth-riskbehaviours:(a)tobaccoconsumption,(b)alcoholconsumptionand(c)speedinginanautomobile.OurfindingsshowedthatlowConscientiousnessandlowAgreeablenesswereuniformlyassociatedwiththisclusterofpotentiallyhealthdamagingbehaviours

3、.Extraversionwasadditionallyassociatedwithalcoholuse.InteractioneffectswerefoundbetweenConscientiousnessandAgreeablenessonsmokingand(formenonly)ondrinking.OtherpersonalityvariablesnotcentrallyrelatedtotheBigFive,suchasRisk-Taking(high)andIntegrity(low),werealsoimplica

4、tedinthepresenthealth-riskbehaviours.Keywords:personalitytraits;BigFive;Five-FactorModel;health-riskbehaviours;alcoholconsumption;tobaccoconsumption;risk-takingINTRODUCTIONThepurposeofthisresearchwastoadvanceourknowledgeabouttherelationsbetweenthepersonalitycharacteri

5、sticsofyoungmenandwomenandtheirtendenciestoengageinbehavioursthatcancompromisetheirhealth.Thelinksbetweenhealthandpersonalityhave,ofcourse,beenextensivelystudiedinthepast,anditisnowwell-establishedthatcertainpersonalitycharacteristicsareimportantpredictorsofhealthoutc

6、omesandlongevity(Friedman,2000;Friedman,Tucker,Tomlinson-Keasy,Schwartz,Wingard,&Criqui,1993;Friedmanetal.,1995;Goodwin&Friedman,2006;Hampson,Goldberg,Vogt,&Dubanoski,2006,2007;Weiss&Costa,2005).Thefar-reachingimplicationsofpersonalityonhealthhavebeendemonstratedbylon

7、gitudinallife-spanstudiessuggestingthatchildhoodpersonalitypredictsadulthealthoutcomes,evendecadeslater(Friedmanetal.,1993,1995;Hampsonetal.,2006,2007).Theattentionnowisonexploringtheprecisepsychologicalprocessesthatmediatetherelationofpersonalitytohealthoutcomes.Aspr

8、oposedbyAdlerandMatthews(1994)andFriedman(2000),personalitycanleadtohealthoutcomesthroughitsinfluenceonprocessessuchaspsycho