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1、《欧洲文化入门》复习题（一）DivisionOne:GreekCultureandRomanCultureGreekCultureI.填空1.Europeancultureismadeupofmanyelements,twooftheseelementsareconsideredtobemoreenduringandtheyaretheGreco-RomanelementandtheJudeo-Christianelement.2.Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentint
2、he5thcentury.3.Inthesecondhalfofthe4thcenturyB.C.,allGreecewasbroughtundertheruleofAlexander,kingofMacedon.4.In146B.C.theRomansconqueredGreece.5.Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcentury.6.Revivedin1896,theOlympicGameshavebecometheworld’sforemosta
3、mateursportscompetition.7.AncientGreeksconsideredHomertobetheauthoroftheirepics.8.TheIliaddealswiththeallianceofthestatesofthesouthernmainlandofGreece,ledbyAgamemnonintheirwaragainstthecityofTroy.9.TheOdysseydealswiththereturnofOdysseusaftertheTrojanwartohishome,
4、islandofIthaca.10.OfthemanylyricpoetsofancientGreece,twoarestilladmiredbyreaderstoday:SapphoandPindar.11.SapphowasconsideredthemostimportantlyricpoetofancientGreece.12.Pindarisbestknownforhisodescelebratingthevictoriesattheathleticgames,suchasthe14Olympicodes.13.
5、ThethreegreattragicdramatistsofancientGreeceareAeschylus,Sophocles,andEuripides.14.AeschyluswrotesuchplaysasPrometheusBound,PersiansandAgamemnon.15.SophocleswrotesuchtragicplaysasOedipustheKing,Electra,andAntigone.16.EuripideswrotemainlyaboutwomeninsuchplaysasAnd
6、romache,Medea,andTrojanWomen.17.Comedyalsoflourishedinthe5thcenturyB.C..ItsbestwriterwasAristophanes,whohasleftelevenplays,includingFrogs,Clouds,WaspsandBirds.18.Herodotusisoftencalled“FatherofHistory”.HewroteaboutthewarsbetweenGreeksandPersians.19.Thucydidesdesc
7、ribedthewarbetweenAthensandSpartaandbetweenAthensandSyracuse,aGreekstateontheIslandofSicily.20.Pythagoraswasaboldthinkerwhohadtheideathatallthingswerenumbers.21.Pythagoraswasthefounderofscientificmathematics.22.Heracleituebelievedfiretotheprimaryelementoftheunive
8、rse,outofwhicheverythingelsehadarisen.23.ThegreatestnamesinEuropeanphilosophyareSocrates,PlatoandAristotle.24.Democrituswasoneoftheearliestphilosophicalmateria
