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1、阅读理解技巧之猜测词意HowtoguessthemeaningsofwordsWaystoGuesstheWords一.Explanation（解释）二.Context（上下文）三.Word-formation（字形）四.Examples（例子）五.Commonsense（常识）eg：Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle---thatis,itwillbreakeasily.eg：Modernmedicinebeganwiththestethoscope,amedicaltoo
2、lusedforlisteningtothemovementsofaperson’slungandhisheartbeats.一、Explanation易碎的，脆弱的听诊器利用文章中用不同的话对同一概念的解释，猜测词义。信号词：be,becalled,means,bedefinedas,namely,thatis,等等，标点符号有:,/:/“”/——等‵◎Apersonwhoisskilledatmakingorrepairingwoodenobjectsiscalledacarpenter.◎Hisuncl
3、eisazoologist,anexpertwhodoesresearchonanimals.◎Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.◎Weareonthenightshift---workingfrommidnightto8a.m.---thisweek.木匠动物学家牧人夜班Ex.1carpenter,zoologist,herdsman,nightshift二.Context对比关系同义、近义、反义关系因果关系e.g.Johnusual
4、lywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,isveryabstemious.goone.g.ThoughTom’sfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.1.对比关系有节制的,节约的污秽的,邋遢的‵能体现对比关系的词汇很多，主要有but,yet,however,while,unlike,instead,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,incontra
5、stto等。标点符号分号有时也可表示对比。◎Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninanorderlyway.Now,however,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoil.◎Ifyouagree,write“yes”;ifyoudissent,write“no”.◎Somehumanactionsarelearned,butquiteafewotheractionsareinnate.◎Althoughalargenumberofpeopleconsid
6、eredhimtohavestolenthemoney,Iwassurethathewasinnocentofthetheft.混乱无辜的天生的不同意Ex.2turmoil,dissent,innate,innocent2.同义、近义、反义关系同义词替换的表达方法可以为我们推测词义提供明显的语境线索。一些常见的引出同义词的标志性词语有or,like,similar等。反义词利用文章中所出现的、与某生词或词组意思相反的内容，猜测词义。信号词中有instead,but,not等e.g.Motherwastall,
7、fatandmiddle-aged.Myauntwasanoldwoman,almostasplumpasmother,butmuchshorter.圆胖的,丰满的e.g.Thenewtaxlawsupersedes,orreplaces,thelawthatwasineffectlastyear.取代,接替,撤换gooneg：Americanbusinessmenexpectemployeestobepunctual.Theydonotexpectthattheworkerswillcomelate.文中b
8、epunctual的意思，可理解为“notcomelate”，即“准时，不迟到”。e.g.MrSmithlovestotalk,andhiswifeissimilarlyloquacious.显然，similarly是个语境线索，它暗示loquacious意为lovetotalk。Ex.3symptoms,volatile,shivered◎Oneofsymptomscausedbythiskind
