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1、AtmosphereNewwords&expressionsmonoxiden.一氧化物dioxiden.二氧化物nitrogenn.氮toxicityn.毒性volatileadj.挥发性的，不稳定的evaporatev.（使）蒸发，消失Newwords&expressionsrespiratoryadj.呼吸的airborneadj.空气传播的pesticiden.杀虫剂perchloroethylenen.全氯乙烯thermalinversion逆温catalyticconverter催化转化器AirPollut
2、antsCarbonmonoxideVolatileorganiccompoundsParticulatematterSulfurdioxideNitrogendioxideLeadGround-levelozoneandphotochemicalsmogHazardousairpollutantsPrimaryAirPollutantsCarbonmonoxideVolatileorganiccompoundsParticulatematterSulfurdioxideOxidesofnitrogenPrimarys
3、tandardsprovidepublichealthprotection,includingprotectingthehealthof"sensitive"populationssuchasasthmatics,children,andtheelderly.Secondarystandardsprovidepublicwelfareprotection,includingprotectionagainstdecreasedvisibilityanddamagetoanimals,crops,vegetation,an
4、dbuildings.Unitsofmeasureforthestandardsarepartspermillion(ppm)byvolume,partsperbillion(ppb)byvolume,andmicrogramspercubicmeterofair(µg/m3).CriteriaairpollutantsCriteriaairpollutantsNationalambientairqualitystandardsCarbonMonoxideCarbonmonoxideisproducedwhenorga
5、nicmaterialssuchasgasoline,coal,wood,andtrashareburnedwithinsufficientoxygen.Thesinglelargestsourceofcarbonmonoxideistheautomobile.VolatileorganiccompoundsVOCsarecomposedprimarilyofcarbonandhydrogen.VOCsareeitherevaporatedfromfuelsuppliesorareremnantsoffuelthatd
6、idnotburncompletely.VolatileorganiccompoundsTheuseofinternalcombustionenginesaccountsforthemajorityofVOCsreleasedintotheair,althoughrefineriesandotherindustriesaddtothetotalatmosphericburden.Consumerproductssuchasoil-basedpaint,charcoallighter,andmanyotherchemic
7、alsareimportant.ParticulateMatterParticulatematterconsistsofminute(10microsandsmaller)solidparticlesandliquiddropletsdispersedintotheatmosphere.Travelonroads,agriculturalactivities,constructionsites,industrialprocesses,andsmokeparticlesfromfiresaretheprimarysour
8、cesofcoarseparticles.(greaterthan2.5microns)ParticulateMatterFineparticles(2.5micronsorless)aremostsecondarypollutantsthatformintheatmospherefrominteractionsofprimary
