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1、Directspeech直接引语和间接引语&indirectspeech引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:一是原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括号内,这叫直接引语(Directspeech);一是用自己的话加以转述,这叫间接引语(Indirectspeech).直接引语与间接引语由直接引语变为间接引语需注意的四个变化时态变化人称变化状语变化（时间状语和地点状语）句型变化（陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句）由直接引语变为间接引语须遵循“一去引号,二加引导词及调语序,三变化人称及时态等”的步骤.1时态变化直接引语时态间接引语时态一
2、般现在时现在进行时现在完成时一般将来时现在完成进行时一般过去时由直接引语变为间接引语是不是必须得变时态?一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去将来时过去完成进行时过去完成时直接引语变间接引语时态不变的情况当主句谓语动词是一般现在时、现在完成时、一般将来时态时。当直接引语是客观真理时。当直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语时。当直接引语是过去完成时态时。当直接引语表示的是谚语或名人名言时。当直接引语表示客观的时刻表时。Shesays,“MissliuisgoodatEnglish.”ShesaysMissliuisgooda
3、tEnglish.Hesaid,“Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”Hesaidthattheearthgoesaroundthesun．Mr.Wangsaid,“IwasborninChinainSeptember,1972.”Mr.WangsaidhewasborninChinainSeptember,1972.Shesaid,“TheyhadleftwhenIarrivedthere.”Shesaidtheyhadleftwhenshearrivedthere.Hesaid,“Wherethereisa
4、will,thereisaway.”(有志者，事竟成)Hesaidthatwherethereisawill,thereisaway.Hesaid,“Theplanetakesoffat6:30am.”Hesaidthattheplanetakesoffat6:30am.GOODLUCK注意主从复合句的直接引语变为间接引语时，从句中的一般过去时通常不变为过去完成时。“Iwasdrivingcarefullywhenmycarhitthetree.”Hetoldthepolice.Hetoldthepolicethathehad
5、beendrivingcarefullywhenhiscarhitthetree.”Hetoldthepolice.人称变化直接引语代词Iweyoumeusthisthese间接引语代词he/shetheyIhim/herthemthatthose不需要强记,根据句子意思所指来判断.Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch.”Hesaidthathelikeditverymuch.Hesaidtome,“I’veleftmybookinyourroom.”Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinmyr
6、oom.直接引语中的状语nowagotodaythismorning/thisweek……yesterdayyesterdaymorningtomorrowlastweek/month…Nextweek/month…here状语变化间接引语中的状语thenbefore/earlierthatdaythatmorning/week……thedaybeforethemorningbeforethenextday/thefollowingdaytheweek/monthbefore…thefollowing/nextweek/mon
7、ththereShesaidtome,”Ilivedtherefiveyearsago.”Shetoldmeshehadlivedtherefiveyearsbefore.Shesaidtome,”Iwillseehernextweek.”Shetoldmeshewouldseeherthenextweek.句型变化直接引语为陈述句时变间接引语的句型变化：直接引语若为陈述句，变为间接引语时，间接引语往往变成由从属连词that（在口语中可省略）引导的宾语从句，引述动词常用say、tell等，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语
8、、地点状语等都要作相应的变化“I’mtired,”hesaid.Hesaid(that)hewastried.Jimsaid,“I’vereadTony’sbookandIdidn’tunderstandit.”Jimsaid(that)hehadreadTony’sbook
