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1、净水技术Vol.28,No.1,2009净水技术2009，28（1）：67-71WATERPURIFICATIONTECHNOLOGYWaterPurificationTechnologyFebruary25th,2009聚乙烯吡咯烷酮对聚醚砜膜结构和性能的影响张召才，沈新元(产业用纺织品教育部工程研究中心，东华大学材料科学与工程学院，上海201620)摘要以聚醚砜为膜材料，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）为添加剂，N,N-二甲基乙酰胺为溶剂，采用相转化法制备了聚醚砜超滤膜。通过制膜液粘度、膜的孔隙率、表面
2、接触角、机械性能以及对牛血清蛋白分离性能的测试和扫描电镜（SEM）对膜孔结构的观察，研究了PVP的添加量对聚醚砜制膜液粘度及其膜结构和性能的影响。结果表明，PVP的添加提高了膜的亲水性和制膜液的粘度，但膜的抗拉强度有所降低；膜的水通量随着PVP含量的增加先升高后降低，在5%时最大水通量是508.33L/（m2·h）,而此时牛蛋白截留率最小为66.27%；SEM观察的结果是膜的断面上部形成指状孔结构，下部形成海绵状孔结构，当PVP含量为5%时膜有斜指状孔结构，且指状孔也逐渐延伸到膜的底部，其壁为稀疏的
3、海绵状孔结构。关键词聚醚砜膜聚乙烯吡咯烷酮指状孔添加剂中图分类号：O621.3文献标识码：A文章编号：1009-0177（2009）01-0067-05EffectsofPVPAdditivesonthePerformancesandStructuralPropertiesofPESMembranesZHANGZhao-cai,SHENXin-yuan(EngineeringResearchCenterofTechnicalTextiles,MinistryofEducation,Collegeof
4、MaterialScienceandEngineering,DonghuaUniversity,Shanghai201620,China)AbstractFlatultrafiltrationmembranesweresuccessfullypreparedbyphaseinversionmethod,usingpolyethersulfone(PES)asrawmaterials,dimethylacetamideassolventandpolyvinypyrrolidone(PVP)aspore
5、formingadditive.TheeffectofPVPconcentrationinthecastingsolutiononviscosityofcastingsolutionandperformanceofPESmembranesuchashydrophilicity,tensilestrength,purewaterflux,retentionofBSA,porosityandmorphologiesofcrosssectionofmembraneswereinvestigated.The
6、resultsshowedthattheadditionofPVPenhancednotonlytheviscosityofthecastingsolutionbutalsothehydrophilicityofultrafiltrationmembrane.However,thetensilestrengthofmembranetendedtodecrease.ThepurewaterfluxofPESmembraneincreasedinthebeginningandthendecreaseda
7、stheconcentrationofPVPincreased.Therewereamaximumofpurewaterfluxat508.33L/(m2·h)andaminimumoftheretentionofBSAat66.27%whenthemassfractionofPVPinthecastingsolutionreached5%appropriately.SEMresultsshowedthatfinger-likeporeswereformedintheupperpartofthesu
8、pportlayer,andsponge-likeporeswereformedinthelowerpart.WhentheconcentrationofPVPwasabout5%,large-sizedfinger-likeporesextendedtothebottomofthemembrane,andsponge-likeporeswereobservedinthewalloffinger-likepores.KeywordsPESmembranePVPfing
