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1、ConversionIIAntonymicTranslation转译法二:肯定、否定的转译DiscussionforelicitationDon’tlosehope!Youarestillyoung.译为:不要失望!你还年轻呢。振作点儿,你还不老嘛。Breakfastisfreeatthishotel.译为:这家酒店早餐免费。这家酒店早餐不收费。Ican’trememberhisname.译为:我记不得他的名字。我忘了他的名字。Nowordismeaningless.译为:没有一个词是没有含义的每个词都
2、有它的含义。Theoreticalexploration:Everylanguagehasitspeculiaritiesinnegation.Andthereisindeedanimportant,oftenneglected,differencebetweenEnglishandChineseinnegation.Thedifferenceisperhapsresultedfromthedifferentmodeofthinking,andaestheticpractice.A:Aren’tyoug
3、oingoutfortomb-sweeping?B:No,Iamnot.Generallyspeaking,thenegativeoraffirmativeexpressionshouldberetaineddirectly.Butwehavetoconsiderthetargetlanguagereaders’wayofthinking,modeofexpressionoraestheticpracticeinthetranslation.Suchconsiderationmayinvolvethet
4、ransferofemphasis,dimension,toneetc.Thenegativeforms:Generallyspeaking,Englishnegativewordsandexpressionsfallintothefollowingcategories:Fullnegatives:no,not,none,never,nothing,nobody,nowhere,neither…nor…,Seminegatives:hardly,scarcely,seldom,barely,few,li
5、ttle,Partialnegatives:notevery,notall,notboth,notmany,notalwaysDoublenegation:Wordswithnegativesuffixes:de-,dis-,in-,im-,un-,-lessWordswithnegativeimplication:fail,without,unless,lest,refrain,refuse,insteadof,ratherthan,except…汉语的否定:无,非,不,没(有),未,否,别,休,莫,
6、勿,毋等否定标记词,及其组成的词:决不,毫无,否则,没有,并非,未尝。等Andthatgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeople,andforthepeople,shallnotperishfromtheearth.一定要让民有、民治、民享的政治制度永世长存。Antonymictranslation会使译文更精炼、更富有寓意、表达更加生动、更符合各自语言人们的审美情趣和表达习惯。翻译实例:1.Alltheemployeesstronglydisapprovedofthecompa
7、ny’snewpolicy.(否定前缀)译文一:所有雇员都强烈地不认同公司的新政策。译文二:所有雇员都强烈地反对公司的新政策。启示:英文中含有否定词缀的单词绝大多数可以从正面着笔。如:disorder“无序状态”“乱七八糟”其他例子:Thedoubtwasstillunsolvedafterhisrepeatedexplanation.虽然他一再解释,但疑团依然存在。Hitler’sundisguisedefforttopersecutetheJewsmetwithworld-widecondemnat
8、ion.希特勒对犹太人进行了赤裸裸的大肆迫害,这种行为遭到了全世界人民的谴责。Wewerewaitingfortheendingofthemeetingwithimpatience.我们当时正焦急地等待着会议的结束。2.Winnersarenotafraidtodotheirownthinkingandtousetheirownknowledge.译文一:成功者不怕独立思考,不怕运用自己的知识。译文二:成功者敢于独立思考,敢于运用自己的知识