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时间:2018-07-10
《肯定形式否定意义与否定形式肯定意义》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、英语肯定、否定句子结构解析一、部分否定 常用词有代词或副词:all、both、every、everybody、everyday、everyone、many、everything、entirely、altogether、absolutely、wholly、completely、weathered、always、often等和not搭配时,表示部分否定,意为“并非都是,不是每个都是”。 Bothofthemarenotmybrothers. Allisnotgoldthatglitters=notallisgoldthat
2、glitters. Everymancannotdoit=noteverymancandoit Idon'trememberalltheseformulas. Thiskindoftreeisnotfoundeverywhere. Thericharenotalwayshappy. Everycoupleisnotapair.二、转移否定 a.否定主语,但否定词not在形式上往往否定谓语。 Everybodycannotenjoypopmusic.(noteveryone) b.否定表语和宾语,但否定词not
3、在形式上往往否定谓语。 Theclothdoesnotfeelverysoft.=Theclothfeelsnotverysoft. Idon'tagreewithallofyou.(someofyou) Idon'tlikebothofthebooks.(Ilikenotbothofthem.) c.否定状语,但否定词not在形式上往往否定谓语。 Hehasnotcometothedecisionquickly.(notquickly) Ididnotdoitformyself.(Ididitnotformys
4、elf.) Thestudentsdidnotsittherelisteningtotheteacher. d.在not…and结构中,否定的往往是and后的部分,但否定词not往往否定谓语。 Thehouseisnotbigandcomfortable. Thehouseisnotbig、butcomfortable. Thehouseisnotbigorcomfortable. Hedoesn'tspeakRussianandFrench. Don'tdrinkanddrive. Wecan'tputon
5、airsandmakepeoplelikeus. 正确理解和区分部分否定和全部否定很重要,稍一疏忽,就会铸成译文上的大错。a.Idon'tknowanythingabouther.(一无所知) Idon'tknoweverythingabouther.(并不全知道)b.Noneoftheanswersareright.(都不正确) Alltheanswersarenotright.(并非都正确)c.Idon'tknowanyofthem.(全不认识)Idon'tknowallofthem.(并非都认识) 三、双重否定意
6、义肯定双重否定指同一句子里出现两个否定词,即否定之否定,双重否定句表达的意思是肯定的,通常比肯定句的语气要重些,译成汉语就译成肯定形式,也可以保持双重否定的形式。否定词+without意为“每……必” Whatappearedtomewonderfulwasthatnoneoftheantscamehomewithout8/8bringingsomething.使我感到惊奇的是每只蚂蚁回来都带回一些东西。 Thereisnosmokewithoutfire.有烟必有火。无火不起烟。 Noonecancommando
7、therswhocan'tcommandhimself. Therewasneveragreatgeniuswithoutatinctureofmadness. Therearenoroseswithoutthorns. Youcan'tmakesomethingoutofnothing. What'sdonecan'tbeundone. Nothingisnothingatall. Hardlyadaypassedwithoutourlearninganythingnew. 可用于表示双重否定的词有:no…n
8、ot、no(not)…without、no……but、cannotbut+v、cannothelp+v-ing、withoutdoubt、withoutfail、cannothelp+v、withoutexception、nothinglessbut、(正是)nonebut(除…外,…别无
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