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《【素材】unit 1 section a 文本 first aid（人教）》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、BasicFirstAidAccidentshappenanywhereandanytime.Thefirstresponsetoanaccidentisthemostimportant.Oftentimes,firstaidgivenatthescenecanimprovethevictim’schancesofsurvivalandagoodrecovery.Therightresponseisbetterthananincorrectquickone.Anyresponse,evenifitiswrong,isbetterthannone
2、atall.UnconsciousVictimIfthevictimisunconscious,performrescuebreathing.(Rescuebreathingisexplainedlateroninthissection.)Ifthevictim’shearthasstoppedbeating,performresuscitation(CPR)ifyouhavebeenproperlytrainedtodoso.ShockShockusuallyaccompaniessevereinjuryoremotionalupset.Th
3、esignsarecoldandclammyskin,paleface,chills,confusion,frequentnauseaorvomitingandshallowbreathing.Untilemergencyhelparrives,havethevictimliedownwiththelegselevated.Keepthevictimcoveredtopreventchillingorlossofbodyheat.Givenon-alcoholicfluidsifthevictimisabletoswallowandhasnot
4、sustainedanabdominalinjury.BleedingUntilemergencyhelparrives,trytocontrolbleeding.Ifpossible,firstputonrubberorlatexglovesbeforetouchingblood.Ifthesearenotavailable,acleanplasticbagcanbeusedtocoveryourhands.Itisimportantnottocomeincontactwithbloodbecauseofthehealthrisks.Iffi
5、ngerorhandpressureisinadequatetocontrolbleeding,placeathickpadofcleanclothorbandagedirectlyoverthewound,andholdinplacewithabelt,bandage,necktiesorclothstrips.Takecarenottostopthecirculationtotherestofthelimb.Forinjurieswhereatiecannotbeused,suchastothegroin,back,chest,headan
6、dneck,placeathickpadofcleanclothorbandagedirectlyoverthewoundandcontrolthebleedingwithfingerorhandpressure.Ifbonesarenotbroken,raisethebleedingparthigherthantherestofthebody.Iftheinjuryisextensive,thevictimmaygointoshockandshouldbetreatedforit.Asalastresort,atourniquetcanbea
7、ppliedtostopbleeding.Thereisariskofsacrificingalimbtosavealife.Atourniquetisawidebandofclothorothermaterialtightlyplacedjustabovethewoundtostopallflowofblood.Atourniquetcrushesthetissueandcancausepermanentdamagetonervesandbloodvessels.Onceinplace,atourniquetmustbeleftthereun
8、tilaphysicianremovesit.Thevictimmustbetakentomedicalhelpassoonaspossible.Bu
