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时间:2019-06-03
《北京市水足迹_孙艳芝》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、生态学杂志ChineseJournalofEcology2015,34(2):524-531*北京市水足迹1,21**11孙艳芝鲁春霞谢高地李娜12(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101;中国科学院大学,北京100049)摘要水资源短缺、水质污染等已成为北京可持续发展的制约因素,水资源利用问题愈发受到关注。水足迹的研究将人们的生产、消费与水资源的消耗联系起来,全面真实地揭示水资源利用情况。本文基于水足迹理论评价了北京水资源利用情况,结果表明:(1)201233年,北京市水足迹为352
2、.6亿m,人均水足迹为1704m,远超统计数据中总供水量35.933亿m和人均用水量193.3m,水资源面临巨大压力。(2)北京市城镇和农村居民对虚拟水的消耗存在差异性,除动物产品外,农村居民对于粮食虚拟水的消耗相对较高,人均每年333103.5m,而城镇人均每年72.5m,次于干鲜瓜果92.4m。(3)动物产品在虚拟水消耗中占据了最大的比重,说明了北京市居民对动物产品消耗量相对较高,也反映出动物产品单位产品虚拟水含量较高。为此,在虚拟水贸易中,可适当增加动物产品进口代替本地动物产品的养殖生产,
3、降低水资源的消耗。关键词虚拟水;水资源利用;水资源压力;虚拟水贸易中图分类号F062.1文献标识码A文章编号1000-4890(2015)2-0524-081,21**11WaterfootprintinBeijing.SUNYan-zhi,LUChun-xia,XIEGao-di,LINa1(InstituteofGeographicScienceandNaturalResourcesResearch,ChineseAcademyofSciences,2Beijing100101,China;
4、UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100049,China).ChineseJournalofEcology,2015,34(2):524-531.Abstract:Watershortageandwaterpollutionhavebecomearestrictivefactorofsustainablede-velopmentinBeijing,andwaterresourceutilizationhasarousedmuchattent
5、ion.Waterfootprintstudylinkstheproductionandconsumptiontotheuseofwaterresources,andcanrevealthecomprehensiveutilizationofwaterresources.Basedonthewaterfootprint,thisstudyassessedthewaterresourceutilizationofBeijing,andtheresultsshowedthat:(1)In2012,t
6、hewaterfoot-33printinBeijingwas35.26billionm,andthepercapitawaterfootprintwas1704m,farbeyond33thetotalwatervolumeof3.59billionmandpercapitaconsumptionof193.3minthestatis-tics.Thus,thewaterresourceswereunderenormouspressure.(2)Thevirtualwaterconsump-t
7、ionofurbanandruralregionswasdifferent.Excepttheanimalproducts,theruralresidents’3virtualwaterconsumptionoffoodwasrelativelyhigh,with103.5mperyearpercapita,while33urbanpercapitaannualwas72.5m,lowerthanthedriedandfreshfruitsof92.4m.(3)An-imalproductsac
8、countedforthelargestproportionofthevirtualwaterconsumption,whichillus-tratedtherelativelyhighconsumptionofanimalproductsofBeijingresidentsandthehighvirtual-watercontentofanimalproductsperunit.Forthisreason,itmaybeappropriatetoincreaseim-portedanimalp
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