AN INTEGRATED OPTIMAL CONTROL SYSTEM FOR EMERGENCY EVACUATION

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1、ABSTRACTTitleofDissertation:ANINTEGRATEDOPTIMALCONTROLSYSTEMFOREMERGENCYEVACUATIONYingLiu,DoctorofPhilosophy,2007DirectedBy:ProfessorGang-LenChangDepartmentofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineeringHowtoeffectivelycontrolevacuationtraffichasemergedasoneofthecriticalre

2、searchissuesintransportationcommunity,duetotheunusuallyhighdemandsurgeandtheoftenlimitednetworkcapacity.Thisdissertationhasdevelopedanintegratedtrafficcontrolsystemforevacuationoperationsthatmayrequireconcurrentimplementationofdifferentcontroloptions,including

3、trafficrouting,contraflowoperation,stagedevacuation,andintersectionsignalcontrol.Thesystemappliesahierarchicalcontrolframeworktoachieveatrade-offbetweenmodelingaccuracyandoperationalefficiencyforlarge-scalenetworkapplications.Thenetwork-leveloptimizationformul

4、ationsfunctiontoassigntraffictodifferentevacuationcorridors,selectlanereversalconfigurationsforcontraflowoperations,andidentifytheevacuationsequenceofdifferentdemandzonesforstagedevacuation.Withspecialconstraintstoapproximateflowinteractionsatintersections,the

5、formulationshaveintroducedtwonetworkenhancementapproacheswiththeaimtocapturethereal-worldoperationalcomplexitiesassociatedwithcontraflowoperationsandstagedevacuation.Thecorridor-leveloptimizationformulations,takingthenetwork-leveldecisionsasinput,functiontoide

6、ntifythecriticalcontrolpointsandgeneratetheoptimalsignaltimingsalongthemajorevacuationcorridors.Theformulationsfeaturethecriticalintersectionconcepttoreducetheinterferenceofside-streettrafficonarterialevacuationflows.Thisstudyhasalsodevelopedanefficientsolutio

7、nmethodusingtheGeneticAlgorithmbasedheuristicsalongwithanembeddedmacroscopicsimulator.Thisdissertationhasalsoproposedarevisedcelltransmissionmodelthataimstocapturethecomplextemporalandspatialinteractionsofevacuationtrafficflowsforbothlevelsofoptimizationformul

8、ations.Thismodelcansignificantlyreducethesizeoftheoptimizationproblem,andyetpreservetheabilityineffectivelymodelingnetworktrafficdynamics.Numericalstudieswereconductedforeachindivi