Chapter 4 Chapter4 英汉对比与翻译(二)

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1、Chapter4AComparativeStudyofEnglishandChinese(PartII)Teachingaims:tolearnaboutthelinguisticdifferencesofChineseandEnglishsoastotranslatethemaccurately.MainLanguagepoints:ComparativestudiesofsyntacticstructureinChineseandEnglishDifficultteachingpoints:hypotactic¶tactic;subject-prominent&topicpr

2、ominent;static&dynamic.Teachingreferences:1.方梦之.翻译新论与实践[M].青岛出版社，20022.孙致礼.新编英汉翻译教程[M].上外教出版社；彭长江.英汉－汉英翻译教程[M].湖南师大出版社；3.陈宏薇，新编汉英翻译教程[M].上海外语教育出版社，2004Teachingmethods:AnalysisandPractice1.Hypotacticvs.Paratactic(形合与意合)AsE.A.Nidapointsoutinhis“TranslatingMeaning”,…sofarasEnglishandChineseareconcer

3、ned,themostimportantdifferencelinguisticallyisthecontrastbetweenhypotaxisandparataxis.Hypotaxis:Thedependentorsubordinateconstructionorrelationshipofclausesarrangedwithconnectives;Parataxis:Thearrangingofclausesoneaftertheotherwithoutconnectivesshowingtherelationbetweenthem;Examples:1.Thatisourpo

4、licyandthatisourdeclaration.——W.Churchill这就是我们的国策。这就是我们的宣言。2.First,wemakeclearwhatisdoingthetravelling——acar,abus,aplaneorwhateveritmaybe.首先，我们要搞清旅行工具，例如小汽车、公共汽车、飞机或别的可用工具。3.发展体育运动，增强人民体质。Promotephysicalcultureandbuilduppeople’shealth.4.东海缺少白玉床，龙王请来金陵王。IftheDragonKingwantsawhitejadebed,heappliest

5、otheWangsofJinling,it’ssaid.2.Complexvs.Simplex(简约与繁复)TheEnglishcomplexsentencesareoftenlikechainswithclauseslinkingclauses.Ontheotherhand,theChinesesentencesorclausestendtobeshortandsimpleinstructure.Theyareflowingandsimplex,withoneclausefollowingtheotherratherinaline.Illustrativeexamples:1.Them

6、oonissofarfromtheearththatevenifhugetreesweregrowingonthemountainsandelephantswerewalkingabout,wecouldnotseethemthroughthemostpowerfultelescopeswhichhaveyetbeeninvented.月球离地球非常遥远，即使那边山上长着大树，有大象在移动，我们用当今发明的最高倍率的望远镜，也不能看见它们。42.Aswelivedneartheroad,weoftenhadthetravelerorstrangervisitustotasteourgoo

7、seberrywine,forwhichwehadgreatreputation,andIconfess,withtheveracityofanhistorian,thatIneverknewoneofthemtofindfaultwithit.我们就住在路边，过路人或外乡人常到我们这里，尝尝我们家酿的醋栗酒。这种酒很有名气。我敢说，尝过的人，从没有挑剔过。我这话像历史学家的话一样靠得住。3.文章做到极处，无有他奇，只有恰好；人品做