综放开采矿震成因及防治对策

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1、第25卷增1岩石力学与工程学报Vol.25Supp.12006年2月ChineseJournalofRockMechanicsandEngineeringFeb.，2006综放开采矿震的成因及防治对策蒋金泉，张开智(山东科技大学矿山灾害预防控制重点实验室，山东泰安271019)摘要：通过综放开采的矿震灾害实例分析，研究综放开采矿震危害的成因与机制，初步提出相应的防治对策。综放工作面开采厚度大，高位厚硬岩层会成为主关键层，其运动幅度大、冲击能量高，发生矿震的可能性与危害性加大。综放开采的矿震是由上位主关键层与大结构、台阶形采空区边界覆岩的

2、非充分沉降、区段煤柱、断层活化、煤柱应力集中与长时强度降低等因素形成的。主关键层大面积破断运动导致大结构失稳、释放重力势能，重力势能和冲击气浪的能量叠加转化为冲击动能，对采空区围岩做功发生矿震。应在合理开采部署的基础上，开展合理泄风、构筑嵌入式高强缓冲密闭或巷道“┬”形密闭、主关键层下位离层注浆减沉、采空区“O”形空间注浆充填等防治技术的试验研究。关键词：采矿工程；综采放顶煤；矿震；成因；机制；主关键层；离层注浆；“O”型空间注浆中图分类号：TD32文献标识码：A文章编号：1000–6915(2006)增1–3276–07CAUSEAN

3、DCONTROLMETHODOFMINEEARTHQUAKEINFULLYMECHANIZEDTOPCOALCAVINGMININGJIANGJinquan，ZHANGKaizhi(KeyLaboratoryofMineDisasterPreventionandControl，ShandongUniversityofScienceandTechnology，Tai′an，Shandong271019，China)Abstract：Thecause，mechanismandtentativecontrolmeasuresofmineear

4、thquakeinfullymechanizedtopcoalcavingminingarestudiedbycaseanalysis.Becausethecoalcavingheightislargerinfullymechanizedtopcoalcavingmining，thickandhardrockstrataathigherpositionturnintothemainkeystratum，whichhavelargemovementandhigherimpactenergy.Theseenhancethepossibili

5、tyandharmfulnessofmineearthquake.Themineearthquakeiscausedbymanyfactorssuchasmainkeystratum，greatstructure，inadequatesubsidenceofstep-shapegobboundaryoverburden，faultactivation，stressconcentrationandreductionoflong-timestrengthofsectionpillar.Thegreatareabreakingmovement

6、ofmainkeystratumcausesgreatstructureunstableandgravitypotentialenergytobereleasedatalarge-scaledegree.Thesuperimpositionofgravitypotentialenergyandimpactenergyturnsintoimpactkineticenergy，whichcausesmineearthquakebytheworktosurroundingrockofgob.Basedonthereasonablelayout

7、ofmining，thecontroltechniques，forexample，reasonableleakagewind，buildingembeddinghighstrongbufferbulkheador┬-entrybulkhead，separatingstratagroutingunderthemainkeystratumtoreducethesubsidence，groutingintotheO-shapedspaceinthegob，shouldbestudiedbyexperiments.Keywords：mining

8、engineering；fullymechanizedtopcoalcavingmining；mineearthquake；cause；mechanism；mainkeystratum；separating