第26章 网络测试和故障诊断.pdf

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1、ぜμࡱڝ【㒁㐌≻䄅়᩵䯌䃺᫝ᴀゴЏ㽕ᦣ䗄བԩՓ⫼䖜᱂䏃⬅఼㔥㒰⌟䆩Ꮉ݋ˈ೼ߎ⦄ᬙ䱰ᯊ䆹བԩ䆞ᮁDŽᴀゴЏ㽕ݙᆍ˖l㔥㒰⌟䆩Ꮉ݋lབԩ䆞ᮁ㔥㒰ᬙ䱰26.1㔥㒰⌟䆩Ꮉ݋䏃⬅఼೼Ҹ㸠⢊ᗕϟᦤկњಯ㉏⌟䆩Ꮉ݋ˈᴀ㡖ߚ߿ҟ㒡བԩՓ⫼䖭ಯ⾡Ꮉ݋DŽᴀ㡖Џ㽕ݙᆍ˖lpingҸüü⌟䆩㔥㒰䖲䗮ᗻঞⳂᷛⱘৃ䖒ᗻltracerouteҸüü⌟䆩᭄᥂ࣙⱘ䏃⬅ᙃlnetstatҸüüᶹⳟ৘Ͼ㔥㒰᥹ষⱘ⢊ᗕঞ䆺㒚ⱘ㒳䅵ᙃlshowҸüüᶹⳟ㋏㒳㒳䅵ᙃǃ㋏㒳⢊ᗕ26.1.1pingҸüü⌟䆩㔥㒰䖲䗮ᗻঞⳂᷛⱘৃ䖒ᗻpingЏ㽕⫼ѢẔᶹ㔥㒰䖲᥹⢊މঞЏᴎᰃ৺ৃ䖒ˈᔧࠡpingᎹ

2、݋াᬃᣕIPण䆂DŽpingҸৃҹ䖤㸠೼᱂䗮⫼᠋῵ᓣ៪⡍ᴗ⫼᠋῵ᓣϟˈ݊䇁⊩ߚ߿བϟ˖᱂䗮⫼᠋῵ᓣϟ˖router>ping?Ҹᦣ䗄>䆒㕂pingⱘⳂⱘЏᴎৡ៪Ⳃⱘഄഔ䗝ᢽVPN䏃⬅㸼乍⡍ᴗ⫼᠋῵ᓣϟ˖router#ping?䖜᱂䗮⠜ᴗ᠔᳝㗏ॄᖙおCopyright©2004MaipuCommunicationˈAllRightsReserved.1Ҹᦣ䗄>䆒㕂pingⱘⳂⱘЏᴎৡ៪Ⳃⱘഄഔ䗝ᢽVPN䏃⬅㸼乍&⊼˖1ĕၽpingԅڶёᄯŃࢶ

3、ྻဈCtrl+Shift+6ᆦߏࣿපᄘÇ2ĕ੡গᄓ໻ࠒڴ೛ѻͧࣳġճਤྡྷّ೛ѻͱำԅູ࿫ெࣣŃఢڴбನྻ܊ܮਠပೌӾູ࿫ͱำŃ႕೛ѻ.Ń׮႕೛ѻĈĢᆫ܊ԅහޙ໰๯Ńͧࣳഢͱำ೴Åࠄೌͱำ೴Åູ࿫ͱำ̈́דΑູۤ࿫ನ޷ᆫ໌Å଼࢈ۤᆫӖᄔÇ⫼᠋೼ᠻ㸠pingৢˈѸѦഄ䕧ܹৃ䗝খ᭄ेৃDŽϟ䴶ҹ⡍ᴗ⫼᠋῵ᓣϟⱘϸ⾡ᚙᔶЎ՟䇈ᯢ݊খ᭄ঞ݊৿НDŽǏᚙᔶ1ǐ䖭⾡ᚙᔶϟˈpingҸϡᏺᠽሩҸ䗝乍ˈ݊Ḑᓣབϟ˖router#ping䗝乍ᦣ䗄TargetIPaddress:192.168.8.1ⳂⱘഄഔRepeatcount[5]:20䞡໡থ䗕ICMP䇋∖᡹

4、᭛ⱘϾ᭄Datagramsize[76]:1000ᣛᅮICMP䇋∖᡹᭛ⱘ໻ᇣ˄1000byte˅Timeoutinseconds[2]:1ܕ䆌ᯊᓊ˄ℸᯊᓊ䖛ৢ᳾ᬊࠄಲㄨे㾚Ў϶ࣙ˅Extendedcommands[no]:nᠽሩҸ˛Sweeprangeofsizes[no]:nᰃ৺ᣛᅮICMP䇋∖᡹᭛໻ᇣⱘ㣗ೈǏ䕧ߎ㒧ᵰǐPresskey(ctrl+shift+6)interruptit.Sending20,1000-byteICMPEchosto192.168.8.1,timeoutis1seconds:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

5、!Successrateis100%(20/20).Round-tripmin/avg/max=0/12/16msǏᚙᔶ2ǐᔧ⫼᠋䗝ᢽᠽሩҸ䗝乍ৢˈৃҹ䆒㕂⑤䏃⬅ǃ䆄ᔩᯊ᠇ǃᰒ⼎䆺㒚ᙃㄝ䗝乍ˈ݊Ḑᓣབϟ˖router#ping䗝乍ᦣ䗄TargetIPaddress:128.255.255.1Repeatcount[5]:1930Datagramsize[76]:1000䖜᱂䗮⠜ᴗ᠔᳝㗏ॄᖙおCopyright©2004MaipuCommunicationˈAllRightsReserved.2Timeoutinseconds[2]:1Exten

6、dedcommands[no]:ySourceaddressorinterface:128.255.255.223Typeofservice[0]:1SetDFbitinIPheader?[no]:yIPሖᰃ৺ܕ䆌ᇍICMP᡹᭛ߚ↉Validatereplydata?[no]:yᰃ৺ᇍᬊࠄⱘICMPડᑨ᡹᭛ⱘ᭄᥂䖯㸠ẔᶹDatapattern[abcd]:asdf䗝乍ᣛᅮICMP䇋∖᡹᭛Ёⱘ᭄᥂ؐLoose,Strict,Record,Timestamp,Verbose[none]:Lᣛᅮᆑᵒⱘ⑤キ䗝䏃/ϹḐⱘ⑤キ䗝䏃/䆄ᔩ䏃⬅/ᯊ䯈᠇Sour

7、ceroute:128.255.255.223128.255.255.1Loose,Strict,Record,Timestamp,Verbose[LV]:rNumberofhops[6]:3ᣛᅮ䏇᭄Loose,Strict,Record,Timestamp,Verbose[LVR]:tNumberofhops[2]:2Loose,Strict,Record,Timestamp,Verbose[LVRT]:vLoose,Strict,Record,Timestamp,Verbose[LRT]:Sweeprangeofsizes[no]:yᰃ৺ᣛ

8、ᅮICMP䇋∖᡹᭛໻ᇣⱘ㣗ೈSweepminsize[76]:᳔ᇣؐSweepmaxsize[18024]:2000᳔໻ؐSweepinterval[