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1、《自动化专业英语》期中作业翻译内容:教材Unit2题目:WhyLearnScientificEnglish学院:电气工程学院专业班级:2013级自动化三班学号:P131814125信(50)顺(20)雅(5)排版(25)总分(100)评阅教师姓名:李宏旭Unit2WhyLearnScientificEnglish第二单元为什么学习科学英语TextAMajorScientificDiscoveriesandInventionsA重大科学发现和发明Sincetheindustrialrevolutioninthe18thcentury,sciencehasprogressivelydev
2、elopedimportanginfluencesonthelifeofpeoplethroughouttheworld.Technologicalachievementssuchasthemotorvehicle,refrigerator,televisionandcomputerarejustsomeexampleofuseofscientificknowledgeforpracticalpurposeswhichwehavenowtakenforgranted.Therefrigerator,forexample,wasbasedonthescientificconceptof
3、evaporativecooling,inwhichlatentheatisreleasedduringevaporationastheaircarriesoffwatervapor.Insteadofwater,therefrigeratorperformscoolingusingchemicals.自从18世纪工业革命以后,科学发展的重要性已经逐步地影响生活在世界上的人们。技术成果如汽车,冰箱,电视机的电脑,这些都是将科学知识运用到实际生活中的例子我们现在都习以为常了,举例来说吧,冰箱是基于蒸发冷却的科学概念,在蒸发过程中,空气带走水蒸气的同时,也把潜热释放出来,冰箱是用化学物质
4、进行冷却,而不是用水。Perhapsthemorewell-knownbreakthroughsofscientificresearcharethosethatledtomedicaladvancementwhichsaveslives,suchasthediscoveryofpenicillin,open-heartsurgery,radiotherapyanderadicationofthediseasesmallpoxThereoccursotherscientificresearchwhichhasshapedourmodernsociety(Tablel-l).liketh
5、osethatledtothesyntheticmaterialssuchasplasticswhichmanyofusencounterdaily,thevariousformsofagriculturalpracticeswhichmaximizecropyield,thetreatmentofwirerfitforhumanconsumption,andthelistgoeson.也许在科学研究领域内,更为著名的突破是带来医疗的进步,从而拯救了无数的生命,比如青霉素的发现,心脏移植手术,放射性治疗和癌症的根除,预防天花的再现,这些塑造了我们的现代社会的科学研究(表1-1)像那些
6、导致的合成材料如我们日常生活的塑料,使农作物产量最大化提高了各种形式的农业实践,这种处理适合人们的消费,这样的例子不胜枚举。Table2-1MajorScientificDiscoveriesinthe20thCenturyandUptopresentYearsMajorscientificdiscoveriesMajorinventions1900sfunctionofwhitebloodcells,buffersolutions,mammaliansexchromosomesXXandYY,Avogadro’snumbervacuumcleaner,airconditioning
7、,electrocardiogramfirstpoweredflight,plastic,radiobroadcasting,colorphotography,electricwashingmachine1910sdiffractionofroentgenrays,roleofchromosomes,firstvitamins,continentaldrifttheory,isotopes,theoryofrelativitystructureofthea