资源描述：
《修辞学复习提要》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、whatisrhetoric?Aristotle(384-322B.C.)：thefacultyofobservinginanygivencasetheavailablemeansofpersuasion.1.HistoryofAncientGreece(Hellas):1.1Tyranny(7thand6thcent.B.C.,eachGreekcity-statewasforatimeruledbysometyrants(Coraxdefendthenoblefreemen)1.2Democracyemergingaround600B.C.:Solon
2、(638BC–558BC),senate元老院of400people,forcingeachfreemantotakeadirectandpersonalinterestintheaffairsofthecity(TheStoryofMankind;courtsystem(ajuryofthirty)1.3Athens'GoldenAge/Classical/HellenicAge(500-323B.C.)Note:Hellenic,ofHellenes(Greekpeople),anIndo-EuropeantribewhocametoresideinG
3、reeceinthe11thcent.B.C.ThepeoplecalledthemselvesHellene,afterHellen,thesonofDeucalionandPyrrha(theonlytwohumanbeingswhohadescapedthegreatflood)1)PericlesthestatesmanDemocracy:equalityofopportunityensuredbyindividualmeritandefficiency;equalityofjusticesecuredbyjurysystemBy460B.C.,l
4、edbyPericles490-429B.C.(p13),Athenswasatitsheightofcommercialprosperityandculturalandpoliticaldominance,andoverthenext40yearsmanymajorbuildingprojects,includingtheAcropolisandParthenon,werecompleted.Athens’s“GoldenAge”sawtheworksofthephilosophersSocrates(469-399B.C.),Plato(427-347
5、B.C.),andAristotle;thedramatistsSophocles,Aristophanes,andEuripides;thehistoriansHerodotus,Thucydides,andXenophon;andthesculptorsPraxitelesandPhidias.2.HistoryofclassicalrhetoricForpoliticalandforensicpurpose2.1OriginofrhetoricQ:WhydidwesternrhetoricoriginateinancientGreece?Inligh
6、tofpolitics(administrationofpolis-citystate):democracy2.1.1Political政治类的:aboutpublicaffairsQ:Howwasadecisionpossiblymadeattheassembly?(inlightofPericles’sspeech)(throughdiscussionsanddebatesattheassembly)argument,theneedforrhetoric2.1.2Ceremonial典礼类的:topraiseorcensure2.1.3Forensic
7、法律类的:aboutprivateaffairs(todealwiththepropertyusurpedbytyrant,whyinneedofCorax)Jurysystem:Solon,Cleisthenes,PericlesSolonmadeaprovisionwherebyacitizenwithagrievancehadtherighttostatehiscasebeforeajuryofthirtyofhisfellowAthenians.1.Aristotle’stheory(ReadingofAristotle’sRhetoric)Thr
8、eecategoriesoforatory(3generalcas
