各国工频电磁场的限值及其确定的依据

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1、万方数据第32卷第4期2006年4月高电压技术HighVoltageEngineeringV01．32NO．4Apr．2006·51·各国工频电磁场的限值及其确定的依据惠建峰1，关志成1，刘瑛岩2(1．清华大学深圳研究生院，深圳518055；2．清华大学电机系，北京100084)摘要：重点评述了一些国家以及国际组织标准中工频电磁场的限值及其确定的依据；介绍了目前普遍接受的低频电磁场模型。各国输电线路工频电磁场限值与暴露时长有关，不同地点限值的不同，对敏感区域额外增加预防性限值。目前工频电场限值较一致，磁场限值差异较

2、大；ICNIRP导则已得到多国认可；对尚未确定长期的工频磁场暴露是否会导致特定种类的癌症及其它非癌症类疾病，需进一步研究以澄清电磁场作用于人体的微观机理。关键词：工频；电磁场；限值；标准；输电线路中图分类号：TMl54文献标识码：A文章编号：1003—6520(2006)04-0051-04ValuesandRationalesofLimitsofPowerFrequencyElectricandMagneticFieldsinVariousCountriesHUIJianfen91，GUANZhichen91，L

3、IUYingyan2(1．GraduateSchoolatShenzhen，TsinghuaUniversity，Shenzhen518055，China；2．DepartmentofElectricalEngineering，TsinghuaUniversity，Beijing100084，China)Abstract：Theeffectsofelectricandmagneticfieldsonhumanbodyhaveattractedattentionofthescientistsandthepublic。

4、especiallywhentheEHVandUHVtransmissionlinesarebeingconstructedinChina．Thisarticleisempha—sizedonthereviewofvaluesandrationalesoflimitofpowerfrequencyelectricandmagneticfieldsinstandardsandguidelinesofvariouscountriesandinternationalorganizations．Thegeneralacce

5、ptedinductionmodelsareintro—duced，withwhichtthecurrentdensityinvivocausedbylowfrequencymagneticfieldaswellascontactcurrentcausedbylowfrequencyelectricfieldcanbesimplycalculated．Somecharacteristicsoflimitvaluesoftransmissionlinesaresummarized．First。theydependon

6、exposuretimelength-becominglargerwhenexposuretimeisshort—ened．Second，differentvaluesaredesignatedfordifferentareas．Thoseareaswherethepublicfrequentlypassbyaremorestrictlyadministrated．Third-additionalprecautionarylimitationsareprovideforplacesofsensitiveuse，su

7、chashospitalsandschools．Itcanbededucedthatthe1imitvaluesofpowerfrequencyelectricfieldinthelitera—lurearecomparativelyconsistent，butonthecontrary，greatdifferencesexistin1imitvaluesofpowerfrequencymagneticfieldbyreasonofincompatiblesurveyresultsbetweenepidemioto

8、gicalstudiesandlaboratorystudies．TheguidelineofICNIRPisadmittedbyquiteafewcountriesasitisdevelopedbyathoroughreviewofallpublishedsci—entificliterature，whichareevaluatedaccordingtOc