资源描述:
《茶叶科学发表论文(固态发酵)》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、茶叶科学2005,25(4):300~306JournalofTeaScience云南晒青绿毛茶的微生物固态发酵及成分变化研究12112龚加顺,周红杰,张新富,宋姗,安文杰(1.云南农业大学食品科技学院,云南昆明650201;2.云南农业大学茶学系,云南昆明650201)摘要:研究了添加外源优势菌种固态发酵云南晒青绿茶过程中主要成分的变化规律。结果表明,随着发酵时间的延长,主要的化学品质成分含量均发生了明显变化,以多酚类、儿茶素、茶红素、茶褐素、寡糖和多糖的变化最明显。发酵40天后,多酚类物质下降了约60%,儿茶素类下降了80%,黄酮类下降了55%,茶红素下降
2、了90%,水溶性寡糖下降了65%,水浸出物下降了25%,而茶黄素、水溶性总糖和灰分的变化不大。但茶褐素类物质增加了4.5倍,水溶性多糖也增加了5.7倍。这说明多酚类物质、儿茶素、茶红素、茶褐素类、寡糖及多糖类物质可作为云南普洱茶的特征成分用于品质判定。实验结果还表明,利用优势菌种发酵晒青绿茶可以在短时间内生产熟普洱茶,其理化成分含量可达到陈年普洱茶的水平。实验结果同时还表明,离开了微生物和湿热作用,晒青绿茶是难以形成普洱茶特有品质风格的。关键词:晒青绿茶;普洱茶;黑曲霉;固态发酵;成分变化+中图分类号:TS272.51;Q936文献标识码:A文章编号:1000
3、—369X(2005)04—300—07ChangesofChemicalComponentsinPu’erTeaProducedbySolidStateFermentationofSundriedGreenTea12112GONGJia-shun,ZHOUHong-jie,ZHANGXin-fu,SONGShan,ANWen-jie(1.FacultyofFoodTechnology,YunnanAgriculturalUniversity,Kunming650201,China;2.DepartmentofTeaScience,YunnanAgricult
4、ureUniversity,650201Kunming,China)Abstract:ThechangesofchemicalcomponentsofPu’erteaproducedbysolidstatefermentation(SSF)ofsundriedgreenteausingAspergillusnigerwerestudiedinthispaper.Theresultsshowedthatthemainchemicalcomponentsofsundriedgreenteasuchaspolyphenols,catechins,thearubigi
5、ns,flavonoid,theabromine,polysaccharideandoligosaccharidewereconvertedobviouslyduringSSFprocessofsundriedgreentea.Whenthesundriedgreenteawasfermentedfor40days,thecontentofpolyphenols,catechins,flavonoid,thearubigins,solubleoligosaccharideandteaextractsofthefourthpilesamplewerereduce
6、d60%,80%,55%,90%,65%and25%,respectively,butthecontentoftheabromineandsolublepolysaccharideincreasedby4.5timesandby5.7times,respectively.Itwassuggestedthatthepolyphenols,catechins,thearubigins,theabromine,oligosaccharideandpolysaccharideofPu’erteacouldbeusedascharacteristiccomponents
7、todeterminethequalityofPu’ertea.TheresultsalsodemonstratedthattheesculentPu’erteawasproducedwithinshorttimebySSFofsundriedgreentea,andtheproducthadthesamecontentofcharacteristiccomponentsasthePu’erteastoredforlongtime.Furthermore,theresultsrevealedthatthesundriedgreenteacouldnotbetr
8、ansformedthecharact