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1、WebNet96-WorldConferenceoftheWebSocietyProceedingseditedbyHermannMaurerWebNet96WorldConferenceoftheWebSocietyProceedingsSanFrancisco,USA;October15-19,1996RACEASSOCIATIONFORTHEADVANCEMENTOFCOMPUTINGINEDUCATIONAToolforDevelopingAdaptiveElectronicTextbooksonWWWPeterBrusilovskySchoolo
2、fComputerScienceCarnegieMellonUniversityPittsburgh,PA15213,USAE-mail:plb@cs.cmu.eduElmarSchwarzandGerhardWeberDepartmentofPsychology,UniversityofTrierD-54286,Trier,GermanyE-mail:(schwarzIweber)@cogpsy.uni-trier.deAbstract:AnElectronictextbookisapopularkindofeducationalapplications
3、onWorldWideWeb(WWW).WeclaimthatadaptivityisespeciallyimportantforWWW-basededucationalapplicationswhichareexpectedtobeusedbyverydifferentgroupsofuserswithoutassistanceofahumanteacher.Inthispaperwedescribeanapproachfordevelopingadaptiveelectronictextbooksandpresentanauthoringtoolbas
4、edonthisapproachwhichsimplifiesthedevelopmentofadaptiveelectronictextbooksonWWW.1IntroductionWorldWideWebopensnewwaysoflearningformanypeople.Now,educationalprogramsandlearningmaterialsinstalledandsupportedinoneplacecanbeusedbythousandsofstudentsfromallovertheworld.However,mostofth
5、eexistingeducationalWWWapplicationsusethesimplestsolutionsandaremuchmorelimitedthanexisting'on-site'educationalsystemsandtools.Formanydesigners,anidealformatofeducationalWWWmaterialseemstobeastaticelectroniccopyofaregulartextbook:chapterbychapter,pagebypage,picturebypicture.Suchel
6、ectronictextbooksarenon-adaptive,i.e.,studentswithdifferentabilities,knowledge,andbackgroundgetthesameeducationalmaterialinthesameform.WeclaimthatadaptivityisespeciallyimportantforeducationalprogramsonWWWwhichareexpectedtobeusedbyverydifferentclassesofuserswithoutassistanceofareal
7、teacher(whousuallycanprovideadaptivityinanormalclassroom).Currently,wecannameveryfewadaptiveeducationalapplicationsonWWW[Brusilovsky,Schwarz&Weber1996;Kay&Kummerfeld1994;Lai,Chen&Yuan1995;Nakabayashietal.1995].Alltheseapplicationskeepamodeloftheuserbetweensessionsanduseittoadaptth
8、eteachingsequenceandthepresentati
