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1、AnalyzetheSymbolicThemeoftheCatcherintheRyeunderthePerspectiveofEcologicalCriticism1.IntroductionThenovelTheCatcherintheRyeistheclassicofAmericanwriterJ.D.Salinger,whichhasbeenspokenhighlyasa“modernclassic”bymoderncritics.IfMarkTwain'sTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnistheseminalworkoftheBildungsroman
2、novelofthe19thcenturyAmericanliterature,TheCatcherintheRyeoccupiesasimilarpositionintheUnitedStatesaftertheyearof1950.Indeed,asoneofthemasterpiecesoftheBildungsroman,thisnovelhadaprofoundimpactonthesubsequentAmericanliterature.Whatismore,TheCatcherintheRyealsoplayedamajorroleinpromotingtheYouthquak
3、einthe1960sofUnitedStates,aswellastheadventofalargenumberofyoungpeoplefilmandtelevisionproduction.1.1BackgroundThewritingbackgroundwastheearly1950saftertheWorldWarII.Duringthisperiod,theUnitedStatesmadeafortuneinthewar,thepost-warmaterialproductionwasdevelopingfast,andpeople’slivingstandardswererap
4、idlyimproving,thenumberofmiddle-classalsosurged.However,thespirituallifeofmajoritypeoplewasgettingincreasinglyscarceandempty.Intheearly1950s,theU.S.governmentpursuedTrumanDoctrineandMcCarthyismtocontaintheCommunism.Internationally,theColdWarwasexacerbated;domestically,theprogressiveforceswereunders
5、uppression.Furthermore,thehorrorsofnuclearwarwerehangingovereveryheartofthepeople.Somepeoplefooledthemselves,thinkingthattheywerelivinginapeacefulandtranquilsociety;somepeopledislikedthevulgarandhypocriticalthemoralsofthetime.Theywantedtoresist,buttheywerelackofagloriousideal,couldnotfindabrighterw
6、ayout.Therefore,somecontemporaryhistoriansoftheUnitedStatescalledAmerica’s1950sand1960sas“silent1950s”or“cowardly1950s”.Someyoungpeoplewereagainsttherealitywithanegativeway.TheprotagonistofTheCatcherintheRyeisarepresentative.1.2PurposeofthepaperThisbooknarratedtheexperiencesandfeelingsofHolden(theb
7、ook’sprotagonist),whichwereabouthisnearlythree-daywanderinginNewYorkCityafterbeingexpelledfromschool,withanautobiographytone.Andalsoitcriticizedthehypocrisyanddeceptiveactsoftheadultworldfromavisionofyoungp
