core physic method

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1、Chapter4ReactorCoreMethodsRobertRoy4.1IntroductionThischapteraddressesthesimulationflowchartthatiscurrentlyusedforreactor-physicssimulations.Themethodologiespresentedaremoreappropriatetothecontextofpowerreactors,andthechapterfocusesparticularlyonthethree-dimens

2、ional(3D)aspectofcorecalculations.Softwaredesignthatiscurrentlyusedtoachieveaccuratenumericalsimulationsofreactorcoresisalsostudiedfromapracticalnuclearengineeringpointofview.Thefocushereisonprocessesandtheneedsforreactorphysicistsornuclearengineerstousemodern

3、-daysoftwarewithconfidenceandreliability.InSection4.2,someearlycombinationsofmathematicswithacomputationalenvironmentaregivenwithnointentiontogiveanyglobalhistoricalperspective.Section4.3isdevotedtotheconceptsinlatticecellcalculationsbywhichmostofthecoredatabas

4、esarestillconstructedtoday.Section4.4isaselectionofmoderntoolsandmethodologiesthatarenowusedforindustrialapplications.InSection4.5,someapplicationsofreactorcoremethodsaregiven.ConcludingremarksaredrawninSection4.6.4.2AnalyticMethodsandEarlyCalculationSchemesAn

5、uclearreactormustmaintainasustainedneutronreactionchain.Theratioofthenumberofneutronsinanygenerationtothenumberofneutronsfromthepre-viousgenerationiscalledthemultiplicationfactor.Firstcorecalculationschemesweretryingtofactoroutthedifferentimportantstatesthatneu

6、tronsweretryingtoreachduringtheirlives.Anidealizedreactorcoreisahomogeneousinfinitemediumwhereneutronsofdifferentenergiesinteractwiththemedium.Critical-itymeansequilibriumbetweenneutronsproducedandremoved,whichisunitaryR.Roy()NuclearEngineeringInstitute,EcolePo

7、lytechniquedeMontr´´eal,P.O.Box6079,StationCentre-Ville,Montr´eal(Qu´ebec)H3C3A7,Canadae-mail:robert.roy@polymtl.caY.AzmyandE.Sartori,NuclearComputationalScience:ACenturyinReview,167DOI10.1007/978-90-481-3411-34,cSpringerScience+BusinessMediaB.V.2010168R.Royi

8、nfinitemultiplication.Totakeintoaccounttheneutronlossesduetoleakageoutofafinitecore,correctionswereadded.Earlycorecalculationswerebasedonthefour-andsix-factorformulasfollowingtheneut