Epitaxial core–shell and core–multishell nanowire heterostructures

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1、letterstonature26.Canals,B.&Garanin,D.A.Spinliquidphaseinthepyrochloreantiferromagnet.Can.J.Phys.79,core±shellnanowireheterostructuresiselaboratedbelowforthe1323±1331(2001).technologicallyimportantsilicon(Si)andgermanium(Ge)sys-17tems.AcknowledgementsWethankJ.RodrõÂguez-Carvajal

2、forhelpinthestructuralanalysis,andJ.Hodgesfordiscussions.P.C.-P.wassupportedbyFundacËaÄoparaaCieÃnciaeaTecnologia,HomoepitaxialSi±Sicore±shellnanowiresweregrownbychemi-Portugal;M.G.wassupportedbyNSERCofCanada,theProvinceofOntarioandResearchcalvapourdeposition(CVD)usingsilaneasth

3、esiliconreactantCorporation.(Fig.2)18.Intrinsicsilicon(i-Si)nanowirecoreswerepreparedbygold-nanoclusterdirectedaxialgrowth,whichyieldssingle-crystalCompetinginterestsstatementTheauthorsdeclarethattheyhavenocompeting®nancialstructureswithdiameterscontrolledbythenanoclusterdiamete

4、r,interests.andthenboron-doped(p-type)silicon(p-Si)shellsweregrownbyCorrespondenceandrequestsformaterialsshouldbeaddressedtoI.M.homogeneousCVD,wheretheshellthicknesswasdirectlypro-(e-mail:mirebea@llb.saclay.cea.fr).portionaltothegrowthtime.Radialshellgrowthcanbe`turned-on'bythea

5、dditionofdiborane,whichservesbothtolowerthe19decompositiontemperatureofsilaneandactsasap-typedopant.Transmissionelectronmicroscopy(TEM)imagesofthei-Si/p-Si..............................................................productobtainedfromconstanttemperaturegrowthshowsauniformcore±

6、shellstructureconsistingofacrystallineSicoreandEpitaxialcore±shellandcore±amorphousSishell(Fig.2a),wherethecorediameter,19nm,isconsistentwiththe20-nmnanoclusterusedintheinitialaxialmultishellnanowireheterostructuresgrowthstep.TEMimagesshowreproduciblecrystallinefacetingatthecore

7、±shellinterface(Fig.2b).ThisfacetingsuggeststhattheLincolnJ.Lauhon*²,MarkS.Gudiksen*²,DeliWang*nanowiresurfacesaresuf®cientlycleanfollowingaxialgrowthto&CharlesM.Lieber*³nucleateepitaxialshellgrowth.TounderstandandcontrolSionSihomoepitaxyincore±shell*DepartmentofChemistryandChem

8、icalBiology;and³DivisionofEngineeringnanowirest