定语从句重点与考点

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1、定语从句重点与考点1.定语从句的基本结构：先行词（主句主、宾、表，被定语从句修饰）+关系代、副词（代替先行词，连接主从句，引导从句，充当从句成分）+定语从句定语从句位于名词、代词后，起修饰限制作用。是由两个简单句合成的。如;Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.→Aplaneisamachinewhichcanfly.TheteacherwhoteachesusmathisMissSun.→TheteacherisMissSun.→Sheteachesusmath2.关系代词、关系副词分类分项突破，分场合运用：定语从句

2、中关系代词充当主语、宾语等主要成分；关系副词充当状语（附加成分）。1）指人：作主语who/that.定语从句中不可缺少，是短文改错中的缺词。如：Theteacher^teachesusmathisMissSun.Who作宾语whom/that.对于从句中可以省略，但被代替的词语不能重复出现，否则，就是短文改错中的多词。ThemamImethimattheschoolgateistheheadteacher.2）指物：which/that作主语、宾语。与上例情况相同。which/thatAplaneisamachine^canfly.

3、（主语）WhichThenoodlesshecookedthemwasdelicious.（宾语）3）所有格：whose指人、物后面要有相关名词。不能与which混用，否则，就是短文改错中的多词。如：Thisistheboywhichfatherisanengineer.Whose(=his)Theroomwhichwindowfacessouthismine.whose(=its)4).“介词+关代”关注点、考点：介词选用：根据介词的惯用法及其固定搭配和具体语境决定冠词使用；介词后不可用that，而用whom（指人）；which（

4、指物）；意义上有时相当于关系副词。如：Thisisthemanwith/forwhomIamworking.Thisisthedoorthroughwhichwecomeorgoeveryday.5).关系副词：当先行词是时间、地点和原因的名词是可选用关系副词when、where和why。when（时间）、where（地点）和why（原因），意义上有时相当于介词+关系代词。如：Wewillneverforgettheyears.weliveandstudiedinthisschoolintheyears.→Wewillneverfo

5、rgettheyearswhen(=inwhich)weliveandstudiedinthisschool.Thisistheschool.Ionceliveandstudiedintheschool.→Thisistheschoolinwhich(=where)Ionceliveandstudied.Thereasonwasthathewastoobusy.Hedidn’tcometothemeetingforthereason.Thereasonwhy(forwhich)hedidn’tcometothemeetingwast

6、hathewastoobusy.但是，当定语从句谓语是及物动词，并与先行词和关系代词构成动宾关系时，则要用关系代词that和which，可以省略。如：改错：Wewillneverforgettheyearswhenwespentinthisschool.which/that拆句：Wewillneverforgettheyears.Wespenttheyearsinthisschool.Thisistheschool.Wewillvisittheschoolsoon.→合句：Thisistheschool(that/which)Wew

7、illvisitsoon.改错：Thisistheschoolwherewewillvisitsoon.which/that填空：Theschool_______Istudiedmedicalscienceistheone______wewillvisitsoon.where(which/that)填空：Thereason______hegaveforsmokingis____hesufferedgreatly.that/whichthat改错：Onereasonwhyhegaveforhissmokingisbecausehesu

8、fferedgreatly.拆句：Onereasonisthathesufferedgreatly.Hegaveonereasonforhissmoking.3.两类定语从句：根据先行词与定语从句关系是否紧密，表意是否明确，句中是否有