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大小:2.56 MB
页数:28页
时间:2019-05-11
《2013中考语法复习非谓语形式动词》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、非谓语形式动词又叫作非限制性动词,其形式有三种:动词不定式、动名词和分词。它们在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化。但非谓语动词的一般特点,即可以有自己的宾语、状语。非谓语形式(I)动词不定式1.动词不定式的构成(1)由动词不定式符号to+动词原形构成。如:toworktostudytolearntogo。(2)不定时的否定形式:在不定式的否定形式to之前加not构成。如:nottowork,nottogo。(3)不定式的时态和语态变化时态主动语态被动语态一般形式TodoTobedone进行时Tobe
2、doing完成时TohavedoneTohavebeendone2.动词不定式的用法动词不定式具备名词、形容词、副词的性能,在句中可以作除谓语之外的其他句子或成分。(1)作主语Tostudyhardforusstudentsisimportant.注意:不定式作主语时,常用it代替不定式作形式主语放在句首,把不定式放在句末。ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwell.Itisgoodforustohaveplentyofexerciseeveryday.(2)作宾语Ihopetoseeyouagain.Herefus
3、edtoanswerthisquestion.Jackpromisedtodothisbyhimself.(3)作宾语补足语Ourteacheraskedustotalking.Tellhimtowaitaminute.Shewantedherfathertobuyanewbikeforher.(4)作表语Ourtaskistostudyhard.Toseeistobelieve.TheyseemedtobeArabs.Herwishistobeanursewhenshegrowsup.(5)作定语Ihavealotofthingst
4、odotoday.Isthereanythingforustodrink?Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?注意:不定式作定语,需放在被修饰词之后,称为后置定语。(6)作状语I’msorrytohearthenews.Youaretooyoungtogotoschool.He’llgotovisithisuncle.Heopenedthedoorforhertocomein.3.不定式短语常用的不定短语有三种形式:(1)不定式加宾语或状语Heisoldenoughtojointhearmy.Thete
5、acheraskedmetositdown.Iaskedhimtoshowmehisnewdictionary.(2)forsb.+不定式It’seasyforthisartisttodrawahorseinfiveminutes.it’simportantforusstudentstolearntolistencarefully.(3)特殊疑问句+不定式构成名词性不定式短语,在句中常作主语、宾语、表语。Whentohavethesportsmeetisstillaquestion.Wedon’tknowhowtorunthemac
6、hine.Thequestioniswheretofindhim.2)不定式的省略问题(1)不定式符号to的省略有些动词后面的不定式要省去to。如:make,let,hear,see,notice,feel,watch,have等。Help之后的不定式符号to带不带都可以。Thebossmadetheworkersworktwelvehoursaday.Theteacherlethimsitdown.Iheardhimsingatthenextdoorlastnight.Shewatchedthemplayplayfootballon
7、theplayground.另外,如果两个以上的不定式并列时,除第一个不定式外,其余的可以省去to,但两者是对比关系的不能省略。如:I’dliketoliedownandgotosleep.It’seasiertoswimthantoskate.某些短语之后也要省去。如:hadbetter,wouldyouplease,whynot…You’dbettergohomenow.Wouldyoupleaseopenthewindow?Whynotjoinus?(2)不定式中动词的省略在省略答语中,或为了避免重复,不定式的动词常被省略。如:
8、Wouldyouliketogetacupofteaforme?I’dliketo(getacupofteaforyou)WillyoupleasehelpmewithmeEnglish.I’mgladto(helpyo
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