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1、PartTwoThe19thCenturyNovelHistoricalBackground:twoopposingclasses—thebourgeoisieandtheproletariat,andthecontradictionbetweenthem;ChartistMovement;coloniessetup,BritishEmpire.SchoolsofLiteratureandFamousNovelists:1.Classicism(literarycreationfollowingsomelawsandru
2、lesdrawnfromGreekandRomanworks:theunitiesoftime,placeandaction;prosebeingprecise,directandflexible;normanddecorum)JaneAusten(1775-1817):Aclassicalwriter,shedisplaysherrealisticvisioninclassicalstyle;shesolvedtheproblemoftherelationofarttolife,wroteofordinarything
3、sandcommoncharacters;herthemesareaboutloveandmarriageoftheyoungpeople;herfemaleexquisitetouchhasnomatch.Hernoveliscalled“novelofmanners”.PrideandPrejudice:Itshowshergeneralviewonloveandmarriage.Throughseveraltypesofmarriage,sheexplainsherideaofbeingrationalinlove
4、andmarriage.SenseandSensibility:ladiesandgentlemen,loveandmarriage.2.Romanticism(emphasisonemotion,individuality,subjectivity,freedom,imagination,exaggeration,primitivism,celebrationofnaturalbeautyandsimplelife)WalterScott(1771-1832):Aromantic,thefounderandgreatm
5、asterofthehistoricalnovel.Hisnovelsare0ftencollectivelycalled"theWaverleyNovels"Inhistoricalnovel,principalcharacterandeventarehistoricalandminoronesarefictitious;combinationofhistoricalfactsandromanticimagination;theinfluenceofhisromantichistoricalnovelhasspread
6、alloverEuropeandAmerica,andhasremainedoneofthemostpopularliterarytypesrightuptothepresent.HollywoodowesagreatdebttoScott.Sodoestheworldliterature.Ivanhoe:AnovelaboutthehistoryofEngland.ItscentralconflictisthestruggleoftheAnglo-Saxonpeasantryagainsttheiroppressors
7、theNormanlords.TheminorconflictisthecontradictionbetweenRichardIandhisbrotherPrinceJohn.Therearevividdescriptionsofvariousstrataofpeople.TheHeartofMidlothian:AnovelonthehistoryofScotland,issetin1736.ItscentralsituationisthetrialofEffie,wherethestoryreachesitsclim
8、ax.Itinvolvesclashesofopposingculturesanddifferingvalues,andalsoinvolvestheconflictbetweenScotlandandEngland.ThroughthedifferentroadsthetwosistersJennieandEffi
